陕西省农业灌溉水资源保障程度及空间差异分析

ANALYSIS OF THE GUARANTEE DEGREE OF IRRIGATION WATER RESOURCES AND ITS SPATIAL DIFFERENCE IN SHAANXI PROVINCE

关键词:  陕西农业灌溉水资源保障度空间差异分析粮食安全

Key words:  Shaanxi province  the guarantee degree of irrigation water resources  spatial difference analysis  food production  model

摘要:

［目的］文章选取2016年陕西省各市区农业灌溉水资源相关数据，分析其对粮食生产的影响，进而计算出陕西省及其各市区农业灌溉水资源对粮食生产保障程度，最终总结其存在的空间差异，并提出差异化的解决措施，以保障陕西省粮食安全。［方法］选用农业灌溉水资源保障度分析模型，针对陕西省各市区的水资源供需情况、粮食种植结构及产量和农作物灌溉情况，对陕西省及其各市区的农业灌溉水资源保障程度进行计算，研究其空间差异性。［结果］陕西省农业灌溉水资源保障度为10184%，基本上能满足农业灌溉用水需求，但已迫近水资源供给紧张的边缘。陕西省农业灌溉水资源保障度呈显著的空间差异，关中地区农业灌溉水资源保障度P为8220%，农业灌溉水资源轻度缺乏，属于资源型缺水现象； 陕北地区农业灌溉水资源保障P为11238%，影响该地区农业生产发展； 陕南地区农业灌溉水资源保障P为14592%，农业灌溉水资源丰富，灌溉耕地能够得到用水保障。［结论］农业灌溉水资源对粮食生产具有重要的作用，陕西省农业灌溉用水资源存在较大的空间差异性，需要参考不同地区的农业灌溉水资源保障度数值，采取不同的节水策略，以保障粮食安全生产。

Abstract:

This paper selected Shaanxi Province in 2016 the urban agricultural irrigation water resources data, analyzed its impact on grain production in Shanaxi Province, and then calculated the urban and agricultural irrigation water resources to guarantee degree of food production according to the final summary of spatial differences of its existence, and put forward different measures in order to ensure food safety in Shaanxi province. Based on the supply and demand of water resources, grain yield and crop planting structure and irrigation conditions of agricultural irrigation water resources security in each city of Shaanxi province, it adopted the water resources protection of agricultural irrigation analysis model to calculate the guarantee degree of irrigation water resources and its spatial difference. The results showed that Shaanxi province water resources protection of agricultural irrigation was 101.84%, basically could meet the demand of agricultural irrigation water, but the water resource shortage had forced edge. Shaanxi province water resources protection of agricultural irrigation had significant spatial difference, agricultural irrigation water resources in Guanzhong area guarantee degree of P was 82.20%, agricultural irrigation water resource deficiency belonged to water resources shortage phenomenon; Northern Shaanxi agricultural irrigation water resource protection effect of P was 112.38%,which affected the area of agricultural production development; agricultural irrigation water resources in southern Shanxi P security was 145.92% which was rich in water resources and could be guaranteed. Agricultural irrigation water resource played an important role in food production, there were larger differences of space in agricultural irrigation water resources, and according to different areas of agricultural irrigation water resources security value, it needed to take water saving strategies to guarantee food safety in Shaanxi Province.