黑龙江省粮食型家庭农场经营效率与效益比较分析

A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE OPERATING EFFICIENCY AND ECONOMIC BENEFITS OF FAMILY FARMS IN HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE

关键词:  家庭农场DEA经营效率经济效益黑龙江

Key words:  family farm  DEA  operating efficiency  economic benefits  Heilongjiang

摘要:

［目的］通过实证分析黑龙江省家庭农场的经营效率与经济效益，以期为未来家庭农场的发展提供建议。［方法］文章选取黑龙江省4个县（市、区）83个家庭农场作为研究样本，运用DEA方法对调研数据进行经营效率测算，并与其经济效益进行对比分析。［结果］（1）黑龙江家庭农场综合效率平均值为0459，总体处于中等水平，有很大的提升空间；（2）黑龙江家庭农场户均纯收益较高，但政府各种形式的补贴明显高于纯收益。［结论］（1）黑龙江省家庭农场技术效率值偏低，在未来发展过程中要努力提升技术能力与管理水平；（2）经营效率与经济效益之间存在正相关性；（3）经营规模并非越大越好，应发展适度规模经营；（4）土地流转费用过高，导致家庭农场经济效益降低。应调整土地流转价格，协调好土地所有者与经营者之间的关系；（5）财政补贴能显著提升家庭农场的收益，应充分发挥政府的调节作用。

Abstract:

This paper used the empirical approach to analyze the operating efficiency and economic benefits of family farms in Heilongjiang Province, so as to provide suggestions for the future development of family farms. Based on the survey data of 83 family farms, this article adopted DEA method to calculate its operating efficiency and compare them with the economic benefits. The results showed：(1)The comprehensive efficiency of family farms in Heilongjiang was 0.459, which was generally at a medium level and had great room for improvement. (2) The family farms had relatively high income, but the various forms of government subsidies were obviously higher than net income. Through the research, it concluded : (1) The technical efficiency of family farms in Heilongjiang was relatively low. In the future development process, efforts should be made to improve technological capability and management level. (2)There was a positive correlation between operating efficiency and economic benefits. (3)The scale of operation was not as large as possible, it should be managed in a moderate scale. (4) The cost of land transfer was too high, resulting in reduced economic efficiency of family farms. So the price should be adjusted rationally to coordinate the relationship between landowners and operators. (5)Government subsidies could significantly enhance the income of family farms, so we should give full play to the regulatory role of the government.