云南省耕地生态安全时空格局及障碍因子分析

TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL PATTERNS AND BARRIER FACTORS OF CULTIVATED ECOLOGICAL SECURITY IN YUNNAN PROVINCE

关键词:  耕地生态安全时空格局障碍因子云南省

Key words:  cultivated land  ecological security  spatial and temporal pattern  obstacle factor  Yunnan province

摘要:

［目的］探索云南省耕地生态安全时空格局及障碍因子。［方法］以云南省为例，以多因素综合加权法评价其2000—2016年耕地生态安全度，并利用GIS分析功能，分析其2000年、2005年、2010年、2016年空间格局变化，在此基础上，运用障碍度模型探索其障碍因子。［结果］（1）云南省耕地生态安全总值总体呈波动上升趋势，可分为3个阶段。第一阶段为2000—2007年，缓慢上升阶段； 第二阶段为2008—2010年，缓慢下降阶段，第三阶段为2011—2016年，高速发展阶段。（2）2000—2016年，云南省耕地生态安全水平空间差异格局显著。Ⅰ级风险区及Ⅱ级风险区数量逐渐减少， Ⅲ级临界安全区、Ⅳ级次安全区及Ⅴ级安全区数量明显增加。（3）通过障碍度模型得出云南省耕地生态安全的障碍因子主要集中在农户经济发展状况及农业生产需求两方面。［结论］云南省耕地生态安全在向良好态势方向发展，提高农户耕地保护意识及农户经济状况能确保耕地生态安全。

Abstract:

The paper explored the ecological security, temporal and spatial pattern and obstacle factors of the cultivated land in Yunnan province. The multi factor comprehensive weighted method was used to evaluate the level of ecological security of cultivated land from 2000 to 2016. The spatial structural changes in 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2016 were analyzed by using the GIS analysis function. The obstacle degree model was employed to explore its impact factor. The results showed that（1）The total value of the ecological security of cultivated land in Yunnan province showed a fluctuating upward trend, which could be divided into three stages. The first phase was from 2000 to 2007, which recorded slow rise; the second phase was between 2008 and 2010, showing slow decline, and the third phase was from 2011 to 2016, indicating rapid development. (2) From 2000 to 2016, the spatial differences of ecological security of cultivated land in Yunnan province were significant. The number of Grade I risk areas and Grade II risk areas gradually decreased, and the number of Grade III critical safety areas, Grade IV sub security areas and Grade V safety areas increased significantly. (3) According to the obstacle degree model, the obstacles to the ecological security of cultivated land in Yunnan province were mainly the economic development of farmers and the demand for agricultural production. The ecological security of cultivated land in Yunnan province is developing in a good direction. Raising farmers′ awareness of farmland protection and the economic status of farmers can ensure the ecological security of cultivated land.