基于产业融合视角的少数民族农村非物质文化遗产旅游开发与保护研究*——以景宁畲族县为例

STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROTECTION OF THE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE TOURISM IN MINORITY RURAL AREAS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF INDUSTRIAL CONVERGENCE*——A CASE STUDY OF JINGNING SHE NATIONALITY COUNTY

关键词:  畲乡非物质文化遗产旅游开发与保护产业融合景宁

Key words:  the She nationality  intangible cultural heritage  tourism development and protection  industrial convergence  Jingning county

摘要:

［目的］产业融合是现今产业发展的重要趋势，产业融合有助于非物质文化遗产的传承及其价值的深度发掘。景宁是我国唯一的畲族自治县和华东地区唯一的少数民族自治县，县内自然村落民间文化悠远，是畲族宝贵的财富。从产业融合视角出发，构建畲族非物质文化遗产旅游开发与保护的融合发展模型，提出融合发展路径，不仅有助于畲族非物质文化遗产资源挖掘与保护，而且为我国其他少数民族集聚区域更好地抢救、保护和发展传统非遗文化提供借鉴与启示。［方法］运用文献梳理、实地调查访谈等研究方法，对景宁县的主要少数民族自然村畲族非物质文化遗产资源类型与现状进行分析。［结果］景宁县少数民族农村畲族非物质文化遗产开发存在习俗、民歌、服饰濒临消失、古老建筑、仪式举办场所濒临泯灭、医术、药物、偏方面临失传和特色工艺缺乏传承艺人等问题。［结论］景宁县少数民族农村畲族非物质文化遗产开发可选择渗透型融合、重组型融合和延伸型融合3种有效路径，在建立产业协调机制、开展非遗资源普查、培育非遗文化载体阵地和拓展旅游开发新手段、新途径等方面下功夫，更好促进畲族非物质文化遗产旅游开发与保护融合发展。

Abstract:

The industrial convergence is an important trend of industrial development, and it is conducive to the inheritance of intangible cultural heritage and the deep excavation of its value. Jingning is the only She nationality autonomous county in China and the only minority autonomous county in East China. The folk culture of the natural villages in the county has a long history, which is the valuable wealth of the She nationality. From the perspective of industrial convergence, this study is planned to construct a integrated development model of development and protection of the She nationality intangible cultural heritage, and puts forward a path of integrated development, which will not only help the exploitation and protection of the She nationality intangible cultural heritage resources, but also provide reference and inspiration for the better rescue, protection and development of the traditional intangible cultural heritage in other minority agglomeration areas in China. It analyzed the types and current situation of the main ethnic minority villages in Jingning county by adopting literature review, field survey interviews and other research methods.It pointed out the existing problems of the development of the She nationality intangible cultural heritage of minority rural areas in Jingning county, such as customs, folk songs, ancient buildings, medical skill, medicine, and the verge of disappearance of the costumes, the venues of ceremonies, and the loss of inheritance of folk remedies and characteristic technology. The development of the She nationality intangible cultural heritage in Jingning county can choose three effective paths including infiltration integration, reorganization integration and extension integration. We should make efforts to establish a mechanism for industrial coordination, carry out a census of intangible cultural heritage, cultivate cultural carrier positions for intangible cultural heritage, and expand new means and ways of tourism development, so as to promote the development and protection of the She nationality intangible cultural heritage tourism.