基于钻石模型的食用菌产业扶贫潜力分析与思考

ANALYSIS ON THE POTENTIAL OF EDIBLE FUNGI INDUSTRY FOR POVERTY ALLEVIATION BASED ON DIAMOND MODEL

关键词:  钻石模型食用菌产业扶贫潜力问题分析对策建议

Key words:  diamond model  edible fungi industry  poverty alleviation potential  problem  countermeasures and suggestions

摘要:

［目的］产业扶贫是我国农村扶贫的核心，而食用菌产业是贫困地区农民增收和脱贫致富的重要途径，分析食用菌产业扶贫的潜力和问题对贫困地区制订食用菌扶贫政策和提高扶贫效率具有积极的意义。［方法］依据钻石模型理论，结合贫困地区和扶贫产业选择的特点，在保留钻石模型4个基本要素的基础上，将绿色发展、利益联结机制纳入钻石模型的组成要素。［结果］在此基础上，针对食用菌产业特点，对自然资源禀赋、市场消费增长速度和稳定性、产业的流通能力、组织规模效应、绿色生态、贫困户有效参与程度等6个方面进行了潜力因素分析，并从生产的结构性过剩、地区扶贫失衡、行业技术壁垒、一、二、三产业融合不足等角度对食用菌扶贫产业存在的问题进行了探讨。［结论］研究最后从开展大数据市场预警、转变扶贫政策导向、加强生产要素优化、完善和延伸产业链等4个方面提出了具体的对策建议。

Abstract:

Industrial poverty alleviation is the core of poverty alleviation in rural China. The edible fungi industry is an important way for farmers in poverty stricken areas to According to the characteristics of poverty stricken areas and the poverty alleviation industry, the diamond model including the added factors, green development, interest joint mechanism, and four basic elements, was applied in this study. Considering to the characteristics of edible fungi industry, the potential of edible fungi industry for poverty alleviation were analyzed from six aspects, including natural resource endowment, market consumption growth rate and stability, industrial circulation capacity, organizational scale effect, green ecology, and effective participation of poor households. The problems existing in edible fungi industry for poverty alleviation were discussed, i.e., structural excess of production, imbalance of poverty alleviation among regions, technical barriers of industry, and insufficient integrations of the primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and so on. Then specific countermeasures and suggestions are put forward from four aspects: developing early warning of big data market, transforming the orientation of poverty alleviation policy, strengthening the optimization of production factors, and improving gand extending the industrial chain. increase income and get rid of poverty. It is of positive significance to analyze the potential and problems of poverty alleviation in the edible fungi industry to formulate edible fungi poverty alleviation policies and improve poverty alleviation efficiency in poor areas.