基于GIS的皖江流域耕地地力评价研究

EVALUATION OF CULTIVATED LAND CAPACITY IN THE YANGTZE RIVER BASIN IN ANHUI PROVINCE BASED ON GIS

关键词:  GIS皖江流域土壤地貌类型分区耕地地力评价

Key words:  GIS  the Yangtze River in Anhui province  soil  geomorphic classification  evaluation of cultivated land capacity

摘要:

［目的］为了整体掌握皖江流域耕地地力水平、特征和土壤肥力状况等，充分利用耕地资源，提升皖江流域的耕地质量。［方法］文章基于农业部耕地资源管理信息系统软件，分别构建了皖江流域平原区和皖江流域山地丘陵区的评价指标体系，并通过现在较为成熟的特尔菲法、层次分析法、模糊数学评价等方法相结合，开展皖江流域耕地地力评价。［结果］皖江流域平原区耕地划分为9个等级， 1～9等地耕地面积所占比例分别为87%，184%，225%，227%，135%，172%，28%，29%和13%，其中2等地、3等地以及4等地分布区域较广，所占面积较大； 皖江流域山地丘陵区耕地划分为9个等级， 1～9等地耕地面积所占比例分别为22%，86%，142%，260%，213%，106%，90%，50%和32%，该区域主要有3等地、4等地、5等地分布。［结论］该评价结果对皖江流域耕地资源的科学管理和可持续利用以及农业现代化发展具有非常重要的意义。

Abstract:

This research aims to grasp the study sites′ full picture on capacity and features of the cultivated land, coupled with soil fertility of cultivated land in the Yangtze River basin in Anhui, so as to make full use of cultivated land resources and improve the quality of cultivated land in the Yangtze River basin. Based on the management information system of cultivated land resources of the Ministry of Agriculture of China, this research constructed two evaluation index systems for plain and hilly areas of the Yangtze River basin in Anhui province. And it carried out the evaluation of cultivated land capacity through the Delphi method, analytic hierarchy process, and fuzzy mathematics. The cultivated land in the plain area of the Yangtze River basin was divided into 9 grades, and the proportion of cultivated land from the first to the ninth place was 8.7%, 18.4%, 22.5%, 22.7%, 13.5%, 17.2%, 2.8%, 2.9% and 1.3%, respectively. The cultivated lands of the second class, third class and fourth class areas were widely distributed, occupying a large area. Similarly, the cultivated land in the hilly area of the Yangtze River basin was also divided into nine grades, with the proportion of cultivated land from the first to the ninth place accounting for 2.2%. 8.6%, 14.2%, 26.0%, 21.3%, 10.6%, 9.0%, 5.0% and 3.2%, respectively. The cultivated lands of the third class, fourth class and fifth class places mainly distributed in the hilly area. The results of the research are of great significance to the scientific management and sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources and the development of agricultural modernization in the Yangtze River basin in Anhui province.