山西省农业产业空间布局及差异评价

THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND DIFFERENCE EVALUATION OF AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY IN SHANXI PROVINCE

关键词:  农业产业空间布局优势产业可持续发展山西

Key words:  agricultural industry  spatial layout  advantageous industries  sustainable development, Shanxi

摘要:

［目的］农业是国民经济的基础产业，我国农业一直处于薄弱阶段，探究农业产业布局，确定农业优势产业，对优化配置区域农业资源，促进农业经济的可持续发展具有重要意义。［方法］研究采用区位商模型，以山西省及各地级市2016年农业及其内部各产业（种植业、林业、畜牧业、渔业、农林牧渔服务业）生产总值为背景数据，并结合山西省农业发展现状，来分析该省农业产业空间布局，确定优势产业，并对优势产业布局进行了分析。［结果］（1）种植业、林业和牧业是山西省的优势产业。 （2）朔州、晋中、运城、忻州和临汾农业在全省范围内具有比较优势。种植业的优势产区为长治、晋中、运城和临汾。林业的优势产区为太原、阳泉、朔州、忻州、临汾和吕梁。牧业的优势产区为大同、阳泉、晋城、朔州、晋中、忻州和吕梁。渔业的优势产区为阳泉、长治、晋城、运城和临汾。农林牧渔服务业具有明显优势的区域为太原、长治和运城。（3）各优势产区因地制宜，农业产业发展取得了明显成效。［结论］山西省农业产业空间布局差异明显，针对现状，今后应重点发展种植业、牧业和林业，劣势产业与优势产业相结合发展休闲农业，努力打造农产品品牌，从而推动农业的可持续发展。

Abstract:

Agriculture is the basic industry of the national economy. China′s agriculture has been in a weak stage. It is of great significance to explore the layout of the agricultural industry and determine the agricultural advantage industries to optimize the allocation of regional agricultural resources and promote the sustainable development of the agricultural economy. In this study, a location quotient model was used to measure the total GDP of Shanxi′s agriculture and its internal industries (planting, forestry, animal husbandry, fisheries, and Shanxi agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services) in 2016 in Shanxi province. And Combining the status of Shanxi agricultural development, this research analyzed the spatial layout of the province′s agricultural industry, determined the dominant industries, and summarized the layout of the dominant industries. Research showed that crop farming, forestry and animal husbandry were advantageous industries in Shanxi province. Shuozhou, Jinzhong, Yuncheng, Xinzhou and Linfen had comparative advantages in the province. The dominant production areas of the planting industry were Changzhi, Jinzhong, Yuncheng and Linfen. The advantages of forestry were Taiyuan, Yangquan, Shuozhou, Xinzhou, Linfen and Lvliang. The advantageous production areas of animal husbandry were Datong, Yangquan, Jincheng, Shuozhou, Jinzhong, Xinzhou, and Lvliang. The advantageous production areas of the fishery were Yangquan, Changzhi, Jincheng, Yuncheng and Linfen. The regions with obvious advantages in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services were Taiyuan, Changzhi, and Yuncheng. The development of agricultural industry had achieved remarkable results in various superior producing areas according to the local conditions.In the future, it should focus on the development of crop farming, animal husbandry, and forestry. And the disadvantaged industries should combine with advantageous industries to develop leisure agriculture and strive to build brands of agricultural products, so as to promote the sustainable development of agriculture in Shanxi province.