基于生态约束的山区农村居民点整治分区研究*——以河北省涞源县为例

STUDY ON THE ZONING OF RURAL RESIDENCES OF SPACE IN MOUNTAINS BASED ON ECOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS*——A CASE STUDY IN LAIYUAN COUNTY OF HEBEI

关键词:  农村居民点区域生态重要性整治潜能整治分区涞源县

Key words:  rural residences  regional ecological importance  remediation potential  regulation partition  Laiyuan county

摘要:

［目的］当前的村庄整治实际工作中，特别对于山区生态较脆弱的区域，在进行农村居民点整治前需考虑区域生态条件，统筹好村庄整治工作和生态之间的关系，促进农村居民点整治工作有序推进，使村庄向着生态友好型发展。［方法］文章选择太行山区的河北省涞源县为研究区域，首先以生态服务性和生态脆弱性为出发点，综合评价县域生态重要性，以此评价结果作为基础来约束未来农村居民点整治的生态安全性，然后以改善农村建设用地利用效率和提高农民生产生活水平为原则，对285个行政村的整治潜能进行评价，最后将整治潜能评价结果落在生态重要性分区图上，运用互斥矩阵模型，将农村居民点合并为重点发展区、积极发展区、转型发展区、限制发展区4种整治区域，并针对不同整治类型区提出不同的整治模式及发展方向。［结果］涞源县农村居民点分布在重点发展区的面积为1 56552hm2，积极发展区面积为1 64892hm2，转型发展区面积为61932hm2，限制发展区面积为55084hm2。［结论］这不仅有利于山区农村居民点的资源优化整合，同时在居民点整治活动时空安排及区域生态保护方面也有积极意义。

Abstract:

In the current practical word of village remediation, especially for the more ecologically vulnerable areas in the mountains, before rural residences rehabilitation, it is necessary to consider the regional ecological conditions, coordinate the relationship between village renovation work and ecology, so as to promote rural residential renovation work orderly, and make the village towards eco-friendly development. This research took the Laiyuan county of Hebei province in the Taihang Mountain area as the research area. Firstly, it comprehensively evaluated the regional ecological importance from two aspects of ecological service and ecological vulnerability. Based on the evaluation results, the ecological security of the future residential area regulation was constrained. Then based on the principle of increasing rural construction land use efficiency and improving farmers' production and living standards, it graded the remediation potential of the 258 administrative villages. Finally, the evaluation result of remediation potential was placed on the important ecological zoning map by using the mutual exclusion matrix model superimpose both results. According to the ecological importance range of rural settlements with different remediation potentials, rural residential areas were merged into four remediation areas, namely, key development areas, active development areas, transformable development areas, and restricted development areas.Then it proposed different types of remediation for different remediation models and development directions. Among the rural residences in Laiyuan county, 1 565.52 hm2 was in the key development areas, 1 648.92 hm2 was in the active development areas, 619.32 hm2 was in the transformable development areas, and 550.84 hm2 was in the restricted development areas. The results of this research will be helpful for the rational distribution and resource optimization of rural residences in mountainous areas, meanwhile, it has positive significance in the spatial and temporal arrangement and regional ecological protection.