基于精准扶贫的重庆市乡村旅游发展模式及空间分布格局研究

RESEARCH ON THE DEVELOPMENT MODEL AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN OF RURAL TOURISM IN CHONGIQNG BASED ON ACCURATE POVERTY ALLEVIATION

关键词:  精准扶贫乡村旅游空间分布重庆发展模式

Key words:  precision poverty alleviation  rural tourism  spatial distribution  Chongqing  development model

摘要:

［目的］发展乡村旅游是推进农村扶贫开发的一项重要措施，在精准扶贫背景下，研究乡村旅游资源的空间分布格局，以期为贫困地区乡村旅游资源的开发利用提供理论参考，也将有利于充分发挥乡村旅游在精准扶贫中的重要作用。［方法］以重庆市14个国家级乡村旅游重点扶贫县为研究区域，系统分析该地区乡村旅游资源的发展模式，采用平均最邻近指数、地理集中指数和平均分布密度，探究境内194个乡村旅游资源的空间分布格局。［结果］（1）重庆市乡村旅游重点扶贫县中，发展模式主要有高科技农业园、农家乐、乡村自然景观和乡村人文景观，其中农家乐是数目最多的类型。（2）各乡村旅游重点扶贫县中ANN值均小于1，说明这些地区乡村旅游资源均呈集聚分布。（3）各乡村旅游重点扶贫县中乡村旅游资源分布密度差异较大，其中秀山土家族苗族自治县的平均分布密度最高，为6115个/万km2，酉阳土家族苗族自治县平均分布密度最低，仅为2709个/万km2。［结论］乡村旅游重点扶贫县中乡村旅游资源数目还比较少，各地之间存在差异，今后应从发挥产业集聚效应、不断开拓发展模式、提高基础设施建设等方面促进乡村旅游的发展。

Abstract:

Developing rural tourism is an important measure to promote poverty alleviation and development in rural areas. Under the background of precise poverty alleviation, this research is to study the spatial distribution pattern of rural tourism resources, so as to provide theoretical reference for the development and utilization of rural tourism resources in poverty stricken areas, which is conducive to giving full play to the important role of rural tourism in precise poverty alleviation. Taking 14 national level rural tourism poverty alleviation counties in Chongqing as the research area, this research systematically analyzed the development model of rural tourism resources in the region, and it explored the spatial distribution pattern of 194 rural tourism resources by using the average nearest neighbor index, geographical concentration index and average distribution density. Among the key poverty alleviation counties in rural tourism in Chongqing, the development models mainly included high tech agricultural parks, farmhouses, rural natural landscapes and rural humanities landscapes, of which farmhouse was the largest type. The ANN values of the key rural poverty alleviation counties were less than 1, indicating that the rural tourism resources in these areas were clustered. The distribution density of rural tourism resources in different key rural poverty alleviation counties was quite different. Among them, Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County had the highest average density of 61.15/10,000 km2, and the average distribution density of Xiangyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County was the lowest, only 27.09 / 10,000 km2. The number of rural tourism resources in rural poverty alleviation counties is still relatively small, and there are differences among different regions. In the future, the development of rural tourism should be promoted from the aspects of industrial agglomeration effect, continuous development and development mode, and improvement of infrastructure construction.