天津市美丽乡村建设模式及效益评价体系构建

BEAUTIFUL RURAL CONSTRUCTION MODEL AND BENEFIT EVALUATION SYSTEM CONSTRUCTION IN TIANJIN

关键词:  美丽乡村生态文明效益评价天津建设模式

Key words:  beautiful village  ecological civilization  benefit evaluation  Tianjin  construction mode

摘要:

［目的］“美丽乡村”建设是全面推进现代化农业发展，加强生态文明建设的重要举措。归纳天津市“美丽乡村”建设模式，构建效益评价体系，并对乡村建设效益进行评价，以期为实现该市乡村建设奋斗目标提供理论参考。［方法］通过调研天津市乡村发展现状，在归纳总结该市乡村建设模式的基础上，采用层次分析法和综合加权法，从社会、经济和生态效益3个层面构建了美丽乡村建设效益评价体系，并对“美丽乡村”建设项目实施前和2016年的建设效益进行评价。［结果］（1）天津市乡村建设模式可分为4种类型，分别为休闲旅游、文化传承、高效农业和环境整治型，涌现出了一批各具特色的典型村落，发展较为迅速。（2）从启动美丽乡村建设项目止2016年，该市乡村建设取得了明显的生态、社会和经济效益，评价分值相比项目实施前分别提高了6513%、4167%和3621%，综合效益评分提高了50%。［结论］天津市美丽乡村建设取得了较好的成效，其他村庄在建设过程中，可参考已建设成型的典范，因地制宜，选择适合规划的发展模式。已建设成型的村庄发展空间还很大，仍需不断缩短城乡差距，推动美丽乡村的可持续健康发展。

Abstract:

The construction of "beautiful villages" is an important measure for comprehensively promoting modern agricultural development and strengthening the construction of ecological civilization. This research is to sum up the "beautiful village" construction model of Tianjin, construct a benefit evaluation system, and evaluate the benefits of rural construction, so as to provide theoretical reference for realizing the city′s goal of rural construction. Based on the investigation of the current situation of rural development and summarizing the rural construction model in Tianjin, this research adopted analytic hierarchy process and comprehensive weighting method to construct a beautiful rural construction benefit evaluation system from the three levels of social, economic and ecological benefits. And it evaluated the construction benefits of the "Beautiful Village" construction project before and during 2016. Tianjin′s rural construction model was divided into four types, namely leisure tourism, cultural heritage, high efficiency agriculture and environmental improvement. A number of typical villages with distinctive characteristics had emerged in the city and the development was relatively rapid. From the start of the beautiful rural construction project to the year 2016, the city had achieved significant ecological, social and economic benefits. The evaluation scores had been increased by 65.13%, 41.67% and 36.21%, respectively. Since the implementation of the project, the comprehensive benefit score had increased. 50%. The beautiful village construction in Tianjin has achieved good results. In the construction process of other villages, reference can be made to the model that has been built and adapted to local conditions, so that a suitable development model for planning can be selected. The villages that have been built and developed have a lot of room for development. It is still necessary to continuously shorten the gap between urban and rural areas and promote the sustainable and healthy development of beautiful rural areas.