中国城镇化和水资源利用的协调性分析*——基于熵变方程法和状态协调度函数

THE COORDINATION ANALYSIS OF URBANIZATION AND WATER RESOURCES UTILIZATION IN CHINA*——BASED ON THE ENTROPY VARIABLE EQUATION METHOD AND STATE COORDINATION FUNCTION

关键词:  城镇化水资源利用相对协调度静态协调度动态协调度

Key words:  urbanization  water resources utilization  relative coordination degree  static coordination degree  dynamic coordination degree

摘要:

［目的］通过研究2007—2016年城镇化和水资源利用的协调性，为两者协调发展提供政策建议。［方法］利用熵变方程法和状态协调度函数实证分析。［结果］(1)基于熵变方程法得到的相对协调度结果与利用状态协调度函数测算的静态协调度结果基本一致，目前我国城镇化与水资源利用逼近或处于协调发展状态，但在2009—2011年两者动态协调度偏离了协调发展轨迹。(2)3类城市中地级以上城市城镇化与水资源利用目前处于协调发展状态，两者动态协调度一直处于协调发展的轨迹上，地级市和县级市城镇化与水资源利用则处于基本协调状态，尚未达到协调状态，即目前城镇化发展的同时，水资源利用情况出现了小幅恶化，且2类城市动态协调度分别在2009—2012年和2009—2011年偏离了协调发展轨迹。［结论］我国尤其是地级市和县级市需要统筹城镇化发展与水资源利用，既需提升城镇化质量，又需进一步贯彻执行水资源管理法规，捋顺其管理体制，完善水资源价格形成机制以及污水处理收费制度，构建多渠道的水资源循环利用机制，达到城镇化进程中水资源可持续利用。

Abstract:

This study aims to provide suggestions for the coordinated development of urbanization and water resources utilization by studying the coordination between 2007 and 2016. This study used the entropy variable equation method and the state coordination function to make an empirical analysis. The results indicated that the relative coordination degree based on the entropy variable equation method was consistent with the outcome of the static coordination degree based on the state coordination function. China′s urbanization and water resources utilization had approached or in a state of coordinated development, except during 2009-2011, when the dynamic coordination degree deviated from the coordinated development path. Currently, urbanization and water resources were in the coordinated development state in prefecture level cities; the dynamic coordination degree had witnessed coordinated development; while urbanization and water resources utilization had been in the basic coordination state for both prefecture and county level cities, which had not yet reached the state of coordination. The utilization of water resources had deteriorated slightly owing to urbanization. Furthermore, the dynamic coordination degree deviated from the coordinated development path from 2009-2012 and from 2009-2011 for the two city types, respectively. Therefore, in China, especially in prefecture and county level cities, urbanization and water resources utilization should be coordinated to enhance the quality of urbanization, implement regulations for water resources management, streamline the management system, improve the water pricing mechanism and the sewage treatment fee system, and construct multiple channels for recycling water resources, so as to achieve sustainable water resources utilization through the urbanization process.