安徽县域经济发展空间差异格局演化研究

STUDY ON THE EVOLUTION OF SPATIAL DIFFERENTIAL PATTERN OF COUNTY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN ANHUI

关键词:  县域经济空间分异影响机制政策建议安徽省

Key words:  county economy  spatial differences  causes  policy suggestions  Anhui province

摘要:

［目的］县域作为中国最基本经济单元，县域经济发展在整个国民经济中占据基础性地位； 探索县域经济发展空间差异及影响因素，指导县域经济可持续发展。［方法］以中部地区安徽县域单元作为研究区，基于2000—2016年县域人均GDP数据，运用变异系数、锡尔指数等定量分析安徽县域经济发展整体差异及其不平衡性； 通过空间自相关模型描述2000—2016年安徽县域经济差异格局动态演变特征，并在此基础上解释安徽县域经济发展空间差异成因。［结果］（1）2000年以来安徽县域经济发展差异不断在显著，具有“阶段性”特征（缓慢上升期、快速上升期、平稳增长期），四大区域间差异及皖江地区、皖中地区、皖北地区内部差异是研究期间安徽县域经济发展差异的主要贡献力。（2）县域经济发展全局空间自相关性增强，县域经济局部形成“合肥—芜湖—马鞍山”集聚热点区，以及“宿州—阜阳—亳州”哑铃型塌陷冷点区。（3）资源禀赋差异、交通条件改善及区域发展政策是造成研究期安徽县域经济发展空间差异主要因素。［结论］从制定扶持皖北政策、合理布局县域产业及推动城镇化的发展等方面提出相应的政策建议。

Abstract:

As the most basic economic unit in China, county economic development occupies a basic position in the whole national economy. Exploring spatial differences and influencing factors of county economic development, it can guide sustainable development of county economy. Taking Anhui as the research object, this research used CV and Theil index to analyze county economy overall difference and unbalance development based on the county per capita GDP data from 2000 to 2016 in Anhui, then adopted spatial autocorrelation model to describe the basic characteristics of county economy dynamic evolution, and explained the main causes about county economy development spatial differences in Anhui. The results showed that （1）Since 2000, the differences of county economic development in Anhui had continued to be significant, it showed remarkable "phase" characteristics (slow ascent, rapid ascent, and steady increase period). The integral economic disparities of county level in Anhui were bred by the disparity among Wan Jiang, the Middle Anhui, the South Anhui, the North Anhui and the disparities inside Wan Jiang and inside the South Anhui, Middle Anhui.（2）The overall spatial self correlation of county economic development had increased, county economy had a spatial autocorrelation with cluster phenomenon; on the local, county economy hot core areas were located in Hefei, Wuhu and Ma′anshan; county economy cold core areas were located in Suzhou, Fuyang and Bozhou.（3）Resources endowment, traffic condition and development policy were the main factors of county economy spatial differences. Finally, the paper put forward policy suggestions of county economy harmonious and sustainable development during the transition period.