苏南地区新型城镇化背景下农民工收入增长影响因素分析

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE GROWTH OF MIGRANT WORKERS ′INCOME IN THE CONTEXT OF NEW URBANIZATION*——A CASE STUDY OF SOUTHERN JIANGSU PROVINCE

关键词:  新型城镇化农民收入增长城乡统筹劳动力转移农产品有效需求

Key words:  new urbanization  farmers ′income growth  urban and rural integration  labor transfer  effective demand for agricultural products

摘要:

［目的］通过在新型城镇化的背景下对苏南地区农民工收入增长的诸多因素进行分析，探寻该区域农民工收入增长的改进措施。［方法］运用主成分分析方法分析了新型城镇化对农民工增收5条路径下的8个指标对农民工纯收入的影响。［结果］城镇化率、农村机械化水平、削减的农产品生产价格指数、单位面积的粮食产量、农村高中级以上学历劳动力数量、城乡土地置换率和城市下乡科技服务人员等7个指标对于苏南地区的农民工收入为正向影响，但是农村第一产业就业劳动力比重对农民工收入为负向影响。其中工业化率对农民工收入影响系数最大，削减的农产品生产价格指数对于农民工收入的影响系数最小。［结论］城镇化、农村资源水平、农产品的价格波动、农产品的供给、劳动力的受教育程度、城乡资源流动和城乡人口流动对于农民工的收入均有促进作用，但是农村劳动力的转移对于农民工收入的增长是负向影响。因此，推进特色小镇建设； 优化工业化水平； 引领农村剩余劳动力向城镇转移，提升农产品有效需求、优化农产品定价机制，便可从根本上促进苏南地区农民工收入的持续性增长。

Abstract:

To explore the improvement measures of the income growth of migrant workers in southern Jiangsu, this paper analyzes the factors of the income growth of migrant workers in the background of new urbanization. The effect of eight indexes under the five ways to increase the income of migrant workers in the new urbanization on net income of migrant workers was analyzed by principal component analysis. The results showed that these indexes had a positive impact on the income of migrant workers in southern Jiangsu province, such as the rate of urbanization, level of rural mechanization, the price index of agricultural products reduced, the grain output per unit area, the number of rural senior and intermediate educated labor force, land replacement rate in urban and rural areas and number of scientific and technical service personnel in urban areas. But the proportion of employed labor force in rural primary industry had negative effect on the income of migrant workers. Among them, the industrialization rate had the greatest impact on the income of migrant workers. The reduction of agricultural production price index had the least effect on the income of migrant workers. In summary, urbanization, the level of rural resources, the price fluctuations of agricultural products, the supply of agricultural products, the level of education of the labor force, rural and urban resource flows and population movements all have a positive effect on the income of migrant workers. However, the transfer of rural labor force has a negative impact on the growth of migrant workers ′income. Therefore, promoting the construction of special towns, optimizing the level of industrialization, leading the rural surplus labor force to transfer to urban areas, improving the effective demand for agricultural products and optimizing the pricing mechanism for agricultural products can fundamentally promote the sustained growth of migrant workers′ income in southern Jiangsu.