农发资金扶持农业龙头企业的产业基础及发展研究

RESEARCH ON THE INDUSTRIAL BASIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL COMPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT FUNDS SUPPORTING AGRICULTURAL LEADING ENTERPRISES

关键词:  农业综合开发产业化财政资金农业龙头企业发展基础

Key words:  agricultural comprehensive development  industrialization  financial funds  agricultural leading enterprises  development foundation

摘要:

［目的］基于农业综合开发办公室历年的统计数据及课题组关于“农业优势特色产业”的调研数据，研究农发资金扶持农业龙头企业发展的产业状况，并分析从事相关农业产业的龙头企业的分布特征及发展、经营状况。［方法］文章采用描述性统计分析与实证分析相结合的方法展开研究，其中，实证分析采用R/S分析法。［结果］（1）经过多年的发展，农业综合开发资金对农业产业项目的扶持力度不断加大，在五大农业产业化项目中，农业生产服务项目稳定性及持久性较强，发展潜力最大。农业生产服务项目契合国家的政策方向，或将成为促进农业产业化快速发展的有力引擎，其快速、有效发展将拓宽农业产业领域，各项财政及社会资金投入及区域分布将更合理，财政支农效率显著提高。（2）通过调研发现综合资源禀赋、交通区位、农业发展等因素，天津市农业综合开发资金扶持龙头企业的产业主要包括设施栽培、畜禽养殖、水产养殖。并基于产业发展现状，发现天津市各区县农业龙头企业经营状况呈现如下特点：滨海新区、宁河区依托特有的资源禀赋，积极发展现代渔业； 武清区交通区位优势明显，着眼于地缘优势，加大新鲜、多样化果蔬及乳品的市场供应； 西青、津南两区深挖传统农业产业的发展潜力，延伸沙窝萝卜、小站稻等天津市地方名特产品的产业链条，加大品牌化营销力度，注重提高农业生产的增值效益。［结论］农发资金以农业产业为平台促进农业龙头企业发展时，为减少边际报酬递减规律的影响需要打好“组合拳”； 为提高资金使用效率在扶持产业的选择上需做到有的放矢； 为促进产业集聚需综合考虑当地自然资源禀赋及传统优势农业基础。

Abstract:

Based on the statistical data of the Agricultural Comprehensive Development (ACD) office and the research data of the research group on "Agricultural Advantages and Characteristic Industries", this research studies the industrial status of agricultural leading enterprises which are supported by agricultural development funds，and analyses the distribution characteristics and operating conditions of leading enterprises engaged in relevant agricultural industries. The research used comprehensive method of descriptive statistical analysis and empirical analysis. The empirical analysis was R/S analysis. The results were showed as follows. Firstly, after years of development, the agricultural comprehensive development funds which were used for supporting agricultural industrial projects had been increased. Among the five major agricultural industrialization projects, agricultural production service projects had strong stability and persistence, and had the greatest development potential. The agricultural production service projects were in line with the national policy direction, maybe it would become a powerful engine for promoting the rapid development of agricultural industrialization. Its rapid and effective development would broaden the agricultural industry, and the use of all financial and social capital investment and regional distribution would be more reasonable. Financial support for agriculture would be more efficient. Secondly, the investigation showed that based on resource endowments, transportation location, agricultural development and other factors, Tianjin′s agricultural comprehensive development funds mainly supported facilities cultivation, livestock and poultry farming, aquaculture. Based on the status of industrial development, it was found that the agricultural operation status of leading enterprises in various districts and counties of Tianjin had the following characteristics. Relying on the unique resource endowment, Binhai New Area and Ninghe district develop modern fisheries actively ; Wuqing district increased the market supply for fresh and diversified fruits, vegetables and dairy products because of its obvious advantages in transportation location and geographical advantages; Xiqing and Jinnan district deepened the potential development of traditional agricultural industries, and extended the industrial chain of Tianjin local special products such as Shawo radish and Xiaozhan rice, strengthened the brand marketing, and focused on improving the value added benefits of agricultural production. When the ACD funds promote the development of leading agricultural enterprises on the platform of agricultural industry, it is necessary to lay a "combination boxing" in order to reduce the impact of the diminishing marginal returns; to improve the efficiency of funds by targeting the most important industry; to promote industrial agglomeration by considering the local natural resource endowment and traditional superior agricultural.