基于四象限法的城市周边永久基本农田划定研究*——基于自然质量和建设稳定性

STUDY ON PERMANENT BASIC FARMLAND DEMARCATION AROUND THE CITY WITH THE FOURQUADRANT METHOD* ——BASED ON NATURAL QUALITY AND CONSTRUCTION STABILITY

关键词:  城市周边永久基本农田划定四象限法建设稳定性自然质量

Key words:  peri urban areas  permanent basic farmland demarcation  construction stability  four quadrant method  natural quality

摘要:

［目的］城市周边永久基本农田划定不仅要考虑耕地自然质量等因素，更要考虑建设后的稳定性。［方法］文章选取7个耕地自然质量指标和5个建设稳定性指标总共12个指标构建耕地质量综合评价指标体系，运用熵权法和层次分析法主客观综合赋予指标权重，通过多因素综合评价模型测算广州市白云区钟落潭镇的耕地自然质量特性和建设稳定性。基于评价结果并以建设稳定性为主，以耕地自然质量特性为辅，利用四象限法将城市周边的优质耕地划入永久基本农田。［结果］优先划定型耕地为高质量高稳定和低质量高稳定型耕地，面积为1 198hm2，占全镇耕地面积6718%，主要分布在登塘、五龙岗等村； 重点调控型耕地为高质量低稳定耕地，面积为388hm2，占全镇耕地面积2175%，主要分布在竹三、湴湖等村； 退出缩减型耕地为低质量低稳定耕地，面积为198hm2，占全镇耕地面积1107%，主要分布在雄伟等村。［结论］该研究结果可为微观尺度的城市周边永久基本农田划定提供科学参考依据。

Abstract:

The demarcation of basic farmland around the city should consider not only the natural quality of farmland, but also the stability after construction. In this study, seven farmland natural quality indices and five construction stability indices were selected to comprehensively construct a cultivated land quality evaluation index system, and the entropy weight method and analytic hierarchy process were used to give index weight subjectively and objectively, then through the combination evaluation model to calculate natural quality and construction stability of cultivated land in Zhongluotan town, Baiyun district, Guangzhou city. Based on the evaluation results, with the construction stability as the main and the natural quality of cultivated land as the auxiliary, the four quadrant method was used to classify high quality cultivated land around the city into basic farmland. The results indicated that the priority designation of cultivated land were high quality high stability, and low quality high stability, with an area of 1 198 hm2, accounting for 67.18% of the total cultivated land area of the town, mainly distributed among the villages of Tangtang and Wulonggang. The key type regulation of high quality low stability cultivated land covered an area of 388 hm2, accounting for 21.75% of the whole town′s arable land, mainly distributed in the Zhusan and Banhu village. The withdrawn and reduced cultivated land was low quality low stability cultivated land, with an area of 198 hm2, accounting for 11.07% of the total cultivated land area of the town, and is mainly distributed in Xiongwei and other villages. The research results can provide scientific reference basis for basic farmland demarcation around the city on a micro scale.