面向SDGs的村镇可持续发展质量评估*——以杞麓湖流域为例

EVALUATION ON DEVELOPMENT QUALITY OF TOWNS AND VILLAGES CONSIDERING 2030 SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS*——A CASE OF QILU LAKE WATERSHED

关键词:  2030年可持续发展目标可持续发展杞麓湖流域村镇发展评价

Key words:  2030 sustainable development goals  sustainable development  Qilu Lake watershed  villages and towns development  evaluation

摘要:

［目的］科学测度村镇尺度的可持续发展水平，识别发展类型并提出优化建议，是实施乡村振兴战略的重要举措，有助于农业农村发展。［方法］面向2030年联合国可持续发展目标，构建村镇尺度的可持续发展质量评价模型，并通过2012—2016年杞麓湖流域7个村镇的发展质量统计数据，研究其空间格局及演变趋势。［结果］杞麓湖流域村镇整体的可持续发展水平呈现稳步上升的变化趋势，但不同子系统之间仍有显著差异。可持续发展的子系统存在明显的空间异质性，根据经济、社会与生态子系统的分异规律，可将杞麓湖流域划分为优化发展区、适度发展区和保护发展区。［结论］结合乡村振兴战略，并根据可持续发展目标之间的协同效应，重点发展正协同效应较强的目标，从而对不同类型的村镇提出差异化的政策引导。参考联合国2030年SDGs制定村镇可持续发展指标体系，有利于对区域发展进行客观评价，并促进国家层面的可持续发展评估。

Abstract:

Scientifically measuring the level of sustainable development at the village and township scale, identifying types of development, and making recommendations for their optimization are important steps in implementing the rural revitalization strategy and contributing to agricultural and rural development. With the aim of achieving the 2030 sustainable development goals, a sustainable development evaluation model at the village and township level was established. The spatial patterns and evolution trends of seven villages and towns in the Qilu Lake watershed were studied through the development index scores of 2012-2016. The results were showed as follows. The overall sustainable development level of villages and towns in the Qilu Lake watershed showed a steadily increasing trend, but there were still significant differences between various subsystems. There was obvious spatial heterogeneity in the subsystems of sustainable development. The Qilu Lake watershed could be divided into an optimal development zone, a moderate development zone, and a protected development zone according to the heterogeneous characteristics of economic, social and ecological subsystems. In conclusion, targets with strong positive synergies according to the rural revitalization strategies and the synergies between the SDGs should be prioritized for development. This further leads to differentiated policy guidance for different types of villages and towns. The development of a sustainable development indicator system for villages and towns with reference to the United Nations 2030 SDGs, is conducive to an objective evaluation of regional development and to the assessment of sustainable development at the national level.