基于双重差分模型的土地整治多维减贫效应研究*——以天水甘谷县为例

MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY REDUCTION EFFECTS OF LAND CONSOLIDATION BASED ON DID MODEL*——TAKING GANGU COUNTY OF TIANSHUI AS AN EXAMPLE

关键词:  土地整治精准扶贫多维贫困减贫效应双重差分模型

Key words:  land consolidation  targeted poverty alleviation  multidimensional poverty  poverty reduction effect  DID model

摘要:

［目的］土地整治作为土地精准扶贫的一个重要突破口，具有促进农村减贫的作用已经在地方实践中得到充分体现，为使土地整治减贫作用更加精准化，文章在土地整治精准扶贫思想的指导下，基于土地整治的多样性及贫困的多维特性构建了土地整治促进农村多维减贫的理论框架。［方法］在此基础上利用双重差分模型进行实证分析，对比分析了甘谷县贫困区实施土地整治前后及未实施的村中农户的自然资本、家庭人均收入、就业等的变化情况。［结果］土地整治的双重差分净效应DitTit 均通过了显著性水平检验，系数β3大于零。其中收入维度、社会维度、知识维度的净效应分别通过了1%、5%和10%的显著性水平检验。［结论］（1）土地整治显著增加了农户的自然资本和家庭人均收入，逐步提高了农户的生产生活基础设施水平，增加和拓宽了农户获得技能培训机会和就业渠道。（2）土地整治具有多维减贫效应。其中，收入维度的减贫效应最为突出，社会维度和知识维度次之。（3）农户的家庭特征和村中的交通条件也是影响农户脱贫的重要影响因素。

Abstract:

Land consolidation is an important breakthrough for the targeted poverty alleviation of the land. Its role in improving poverty alleviation in rural areas can be clearly seen in local practice. In the text of targeted poverty alleviation in land consolidation, this research constructs the theoretical framework of land consolidation to promote rural multidimensional poverty reduction based on the diversity of land consolidation and the multidimensional characteristics of rural poverty, whose purpose is to promote the precision of land consolidation and poverty alleviation. Empirical analysis in this study was done by using the DID model, which analyzed the changes of natural capital, household income per capita and employment before and after the implementation of land consolidation in the poverty areas of Gansu county. The results showed that the DID net effect of land consolidation passed the significance level test, β3>0.The net effect of income dimension, social dimension and education dimension passed 1%, 5% and 10% significance level, respectively. The results indicate that: (1) Land consolidation significantly increase the natural capital and household income per capital, and gradually increase the level of production and living infrastructure, and make skills training more accessible and employment opportunities more available to farmers. (2) Land consolidation has multidimensional poverty reduction effects, among which the poverty alleviation regarding income dimension is most prominent, followed by social dimension and education dimension. (3) The family characteristics of farmers and the traffic conditions in the village are also important factors influencing farmers′ poverty alleviation.