宁夏农民增收驱动力研究及对策建议

STUDY ON DRIVING FORCES OF FARMERS′ INCOME INCREASING IN NINGXIA AND ITS COUNTERMEASURES

关键词:  农业农村农民收入增收驱动力收入影响因素主成分回归分析

Key words:  agriculture and rural areas  farmers′ income  driving forces for income increasing  influencing factors of income  principal component regression analysis

摘要:

［目的］切实解决农民收入低且不稳定的弊端，是我国实现现代化、推进小康社会建设的重中之重。［方法］文章基于2000—2017年宁夏农民家庭就业劳动力水平、医疗条件、城镇化率、农业科技进步贡献率等指标数据，针对宁夏农业农村发展态势以及影响其农民收入变动的原因作以系统研究。［结果］（1）18年来，宁夏农业农村在农民资本禀赋、农村经济制度建设、农业产业结构、农业科学技术以及粮食生产客观条件等方面都有了不同程度的提升。（2）宁夏农民家庭人均可支配收入快速上升，2017年达1073 8万元，约为国家平均值的80%，仍存在收入低且不稳定的问题。（3）农民家庭就业劳动力初中及以上程度比重、农村社会固定资产投资额、支农支出和农林水事务费等因素不同程度地影响了宁夏农民的收入水准。［结论］为稳步推进农业农村改革，充分利用强农惠农的政策优势，从强化人力资本投入、完善多元化支农机制、深化一、二、三产业融合以及改进基础保障机制等角度指出了切实助益于宁夏农民收入稳定增长的对策。

Abstract:

This research aims to overcome the disadvantages of low and unstable farmers′ income, the top priority for China to achieve modernization and construction of a well off society. According to Ningxia′s agricultural labor force level, medical conditions, urbanization rate, agricultural science and technology progress contribution rate from 2000 to 2017, this research conducted a systematically study on the development of agriculture and rural areas in Ningxia and the reasons affected farmers′ income. The study showed that (1) In the past 18 years, Ningxia′s agriculture and rural areas had developed and improved to varying degrees in terms of farmers′ endowment of capital, construction of rural economic systems, agricultural industrial structure, agricultural science and technology, and objective conditions for food production. (2) The ratio of per capita disposable income of farmers′ families in Ningxia had increased rapidly, reaching 10 738 yuan in 2017, which was about four fifths of the national average. It was still a big problem for low and unstable income of farmers. (3) Factors such as the proportion of employed labor force at or above junior high school level of farmers′ families, the amount of investment in fixed assets in rural society, agricultural aids expenditures, forestry and water affairs costs could affect the income level of farmers in Ningxia to varying degrees. Thus, in order to steadily advance the reform of agriculture and take full advantages of the supporting policies, the research points out countermeasures from the perspectives of strengthening the investment of human capital, improving the diversified agricultural supporting mechanism, deepening the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, improving the basic security mechanism, which will steadily improve farmers′ income in Ningxia.