新时代下的中国粮食安全：意义、挑战和对策

CHINA’S GRAIN SECURITY IN THE NEW ERA: SIGNIFICANCE, CHALLENGES AND COUNTERMEASURES

关键词:  新时代  粮食安全  成就  意义  挑战  对策

Key words:  new era  grain security  achievements  significance  challenge  countermeasure

摘要:

目的 粮食安全始终是治国理政的头等大事。加深认识新时代下粮食安全的新意义，高度重视现阶段我国粮食安全面临的新挑战，并采取有效的应对之策，对于确保新形势下国家粮食安全极为必要。方法 文章在总结我国粮食安全取得的成就的基础上，基于对新时代下我国粮食安全新意义及新挑战的全面分析，提出确保国家粮食安全的对策建议。结果 新时代下，粮食安全对支撑国民经济发展，有效解决社会主要矛盾，保障涉粮产业安全乃至国家安全的意义愈加凸显。同时，我国粮食安全也面临资源环境承载力不堪重负、供需区域格局明显失衡、种粮效益整体下滑、“两个市场”粮食供给体系建设存在明显不足等新挑战。结论 建议做到“六个统筹”，即统筹口粮安全与食物总体安全、统筹粮食安全与涉粮产业发展安全、统筹国内国外两种资源与两个市场、统筹主产区与非主产区粮食发展、统筹国内农业保护与国内农产品市场的对外开放、统筹供给与储备调节能力建设。

Abstract:

Grain security has always been the top priority for China. In the new era, the improvement of people's living standards and the development of grain-related industries will inevitably drive the continuous growth of the scale of grain consumption. In the new era, China's grain security plays an increasingly prominent role in basic support for the development of the national economy, solution of current principal contradiction in our society, guarantee of security of grain-related industry. At the same time, China's grain security also faces new challenges, in particular the overburdened carrying capacity of resources and the environment, the significant imbalance in regional patterns of grain supply and demand, the overall decline of grain growing efficiency, and the prevalent deficiencies in the construction of the "two-market" grain supply system. For these reasons, the "six overall plans" are proposed in this paper, namely the overall planning of grain security and food security; food security and grain-related industry development safety ; resources and markets at home and abroad; grain industry development in major and non-major production areas; protection of domestic grain producing and opening up of domestic grain product market; and supply and reserve adjustment capacity building.