小农户步入农业绿色发展轨道的路径初探

ROADMAP EXPLORING FOR TRADITIONAL FAMILY FARMERS ENTERING THE PATH ON GREEN DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE

关键词:  小农户  绿色发展  自我能力  外部服务  路径

Key words:  traditional farmers  green development of agriculture  self-capacity  external services  roadmap

摘要:

目的 不能让小农户成为农业绿色发展这场革命的“旁观者”和“落伍者”，促进小农户绿色发展转型是亟待解决的一个重大时代课题。为研究提出适合我国小农户步入农业绿色发展轨道的可行路径。方法 文章首先从理论层面论述了小农户绿色发展的天然优势和劣势，其次基于江苏、浙江、黑龙江、湖北等地小农户与各类新型经营主体绿色生产的实地调研，全面评估当前小农户从事绿色生产的意愿、能力、利益诉求，并分别评价了各类利益联结机制对小农户绿色生产的激励作用，明确了小农户当前实现绿色发展的能力瓶颈和外部需求。结果 从自身能力提升、强化外部支撑两方面，综合提出小农户步入农业绿色发展轨道的具体可行路径。结论 提出通过自我学习与公共宣传教育、成立小农户自发组织、发起互助保险等提升小农户自我发展能力，通过完善绿色导向的公共政策体系、专业化社会服务体系和优化各类利益联结机制，强化小农户绿色发展的外部服务支撑。

Abstract:

Chinese traditional family farmers should never be separated from the revolution of green development of agriculture. The most urgent and important task in this context is to promote the traditional family farmers’ transformation from traditional operation to green operation of agriculture. In order to explore the appropriate roadmap for traditional farmers, entering the path on green development of agriculture, the natural advantages and disadvantages of traditional family farmers were analyzed and demonstrated firstly in theory, then the willingness, capability and interests demands for traditional farmers to conduct green production were fully assessed based on the on-site survey results from Zhejiang, Heilongjiang, Hubei and Jiangsu provinces. Moreover, the stimulation effects of different benefit connection mechanisms to guide green production of traditional farmers were analyzed. It was found that the internal capacity building and external support were necessary and equally important to promote green development of traditional farmers. Finally, some suggestions and recommendations are proposed to solve internal constraints including enhance the self-learning as well as learning from others, initiating internal organization and risk-sharing insurance mechanism, while external support covers green-oriented public policy system, professional social service systems and innovation of different benefit connection mechanisms.