精准扶贫视阈下农户企业利益联结融资研究基于黑龙江省五常市农户数据

RESEARCH ON FINANCING OF INTEREST CONNECTION BETWEEN FARMERS AND ENTERPRISES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF TARGETED POVERTY ALLEVIATIONBASED ON THE DATA OF FARMERS IN WUCHANG CITY, HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE

关键词:  精准扶贫  农业融资  供应链金融  联结机制  熵权法

Key words:  targeted poverty alleviation  agricultural financing  supply chain finance  coupling mechanism  entropy method

摘要:

目的 为缓解贫困户和贫困地区中小农业企业资金短缺、贷款难问题，探索符合农村贫困人群和农业企业融资方法创新，并在全面实现脱贫后，保障贫困地区经济质量持续增长，做好金融扶贫这篇文章。方法 文章以黑龙江省五常市的实地调研数据为基础，探索了农户企业利益联结融资可行方法，形成了农业企业的融资方案和农户精准扶贫方案，其中设计了农户加入合作社的利益科学计算方案，运用熵权法对供应链所选合作社的进行科学评价，并对最终融资方案进行评估，提出从企业到农户由上至下环环紧扣的金融扶贫思路。结果 贫困地区资源不足、生产力低下，客观上加大了资金需求总量，需要通过外部融资来获得更多的资金支持；通过建立农户企业利益联结融资机制，供应链中处于劣势的贫困户的资金需求得到更好满足，有利于通过生产实现整体脱贫，助力精准扶贫。结论 农业精准扶贫与金融精准扶贫高度相关，解决金融精准扶贫的问题要以核心企业和合作社为关键节点，不断明确农业核心企业与中小企业以及农户间的利益联结机制，逐步打通供应链，扩大产业化规模。积极探索符合贫困户和企业实际的创新融资合作机制，为贫困人口地区金融环境和生产能力提升创造更优越条件。

Abstract:

In order to alleviate the shortage of funds and loans for poor households and small agricultural enterprises in poor areas, this research is planned to innovative financing methods that can be compatible with rural poor and agricultural enterprises. And after the full realization of poverty alleviation, sustained economic growth are ensured in poor areas, and to do a good job in financial poverty alleviation. Based on the field research data of Wuchang in Heilongjiang province, feasible methods of financing the interests of farmers and enterprises were studied in this study, and the financing program for agricultural enterprises and precise poverty alleviation program for farmers were formed. Scientific calculation plan was designed for the interests of farmers to join the cooperative, applying Entropy method to scientifically evaluate the cooperatives selected by the supply chain and to evaluate the final financing plan. The financial poverty alleviation method of that the enterprises and farmers closely linked from top to bottom was proposed. The results showed that insufficient resources and low productivity in poverty-stricken areas had objectively increased the total amount of capital demand, so it was necessary to obtain more financial support through external financing. By establishing a financing mechanism that interested link of farmers-enterprises，the capital needs of disadvantaged poor households in the supply chain could be better satisfied, which was conducive to the overall poverty alleviation through production and the accurate poverty alleviation. As accurate poverty alleviation in agriculture is highly correlated with accurate poverty alleviation in finance, in order to solve the problem of accurate financial poverty alleviation, it should focus on core enterprises and cooperatives. By continuously clarifying the interest linkage mechanism between agricultural core enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises and farmers, the supply chain is gradually unimpeded and the scale of industrialization is expanded. At the same time, innovative financing cooperation mechanisms that meet the actual needs of poor households and enterprises should be explored actively, so as to create more favorable conditions for the financial environment and production capacity improvement in poor areas.