农牧户生计与土地生态系统服务价值耦合关系研究以新疆奇台县为例

RESEARCH ON THE COUPLING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE LIVELIHOODS OF FARMERS AND HERDSMEN AND THE VALUE OF LAND ECOSYSTEM SERVICESA CASE STUDY OF QITAI COUNTY PROVINCE

关键词:  农牧户生计  土地利用变化  土地生态系统服务价值  人地关系  协调发展

Key words:  livelihoods of farmers and herdsmen  land use change  land ecosystem service value  man-land relationship  coordinated development

摘要:

目的 通过研究农牧户生计与土地生态系统服务价值的演变规律，为提高农牧户生计水平与保护生态环境提供参考。方法 文章选取2002年、2007年、2012年、2017年4个年份奇台县作为研究时点，构建农牧户生计与土地生态系统服务价值耦合评价模型，针对两个系统的演变规律以及耦合协调度进行探究。结果 （1）2002—2017年奇台县农牧户生计水平不断提升，土地生态系统服务价值表现出前期低、中期高、后期低的倒“V”型特征；（2）奇台县农牧户生计活动与土地生态系统服务价值两系统间存在明显的相互作用关系，两系统间的耦合度水平较强，介于0.60~0.97；（3）农牧户生计与土地生态系统服务价值的耦合协调度处于0.17~0.42，两系统间的耦合协调度虽然较低，但耦合协调度水平始终保持缓慢上升的趋势，由严重失调衰退阶段逐渐向濒临失调衰退阶段转变。结论 虽研究区内农牧户生计水平增速较快，但土地生态系统服务价值呈缓慢下降趋势，在西部生态环境脆弱地区，实现人地关系协调发展压力仍然较大。在奇台县农牧业经济发展中，应重点促进农牧业产业优化升级和资源的合理配置，为实现两者之间的耦合协调发展创造条件。

Abstract:

This research is intended to analyze the evolution of the livelihoods of farmers and herdsmen and the value of land ecosystem services, so as to provide reference for improving the livelihood of farmers and herdsmen and protecting the ecological environment. Based on the statistical analysis results of 2002, 2007, 2012 and 2017, this paper constructed a coupling evaluation model for the livelihoods of farmers and herdsmen and the value of land ecosystem services, and quantitatively measured the coupling process and characteristics. The results showed that (1)From 2002 to 2017, the livelihoods of farmers and herdsmen in Qitai county continued to improve, and the value of land ecosystem services showed an inverted “V” characteristic of low in the early stage, high in the middle and low in the later stage. (2) There was an obvious interaction between the livelihood activities of farmers and herdsmen and the value of land ecosystem services. The coupling between the two systems was relatively strong, ranging from 0.60 to 0.97. (3) The coordination value between the livelihoods of farmers and herdsmen and the value of land ecosystem services was between 0.17 and 0.42. Although the coordination value between the two systems was low, the level of coordination had always maintained a slow upward trend, from the stage of severe dysfunction and decline to the end of dysfunction. Despite the livelihood of farmers and herdsmen in the study area growing rapidly, but the value of the land ecosystem services was in slow decline. In western regions with fragile ecological environment, the pressure to realize the coordinated development of man-land relationship is still great. In the economic development of agriculture and animal husbandry in Qitai county, should focus on promoting the optimization and upgrading of agriculture and animal husbandry industries and the rational allocation of resources, create conditions for harmonious development between the two coupling.