西南民族地区乡村聚落分布特征及城镇化水平测定

DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS AND URBANIZATION LEVEL OF RURAL SETTLEMENT IN SOUTHWEST ETHNIC AREAS

关键词:  乡村聚落  空间分布  分布特征  城镇化  水平测定

Key words:  rural settlement  spatial distribution  distribution characteristics  urbanization  level determination

摘要:

目的 乡村聚落分布和城镇化水平是衡量地区经济水平发展状况的重要指标，对其进行把握具有重要意义。方法 文章通过以西南民族地区为研究对象，通过空间相关分析等具体研究方法构建指标体系和评价模型，分析西南民族地区的乡村聚落分布特征，并对其城镇化水平进行有效测度，以更好地探究其发展状况。结果 （1）西南民族地区的乡村聚落分布较为广泛，总体呈现“大分散小集中”的特征，整体呈现自西向东递减的聚集度。（2）西南民族地区的城镇化整体水平相对不高，且发展速度不快。（3）西南地区城镇化水平高低与乡村聚落分布存在一定联系。西南民族地区处于我国阶梯过渡地带，受地形因素影响，其乡村聚落分布特征不一。结论 西南民族地区民族众多，分布广泛且各具特征，对此进行把握，及测度其城镇化水平具有重要意义，有利于更好地促进其今后的城镇化发展。并且，乡村聚落与城镇水平发展相辅相成，寻找出其内在特征和当前发展状况，是西南民族地区今后乡村发展的理论前提。

Abstract:

The distribution of rural settlements and the level of urbanization are important indicators to measure the development of regional economic level, and it is of great significance to grasp them. In this study, the southwest ethnic areas were used as research objects, and the specific research methods such as spatial correlation analysis were used to construct the index system and evaluation model, and the distribution characteristics of rural settlements in southwest ethnic regions were analyzed, and the urbanization level was effectively measured to better explore its development. The results showed that: (1) The rural settlements in the southwest ethnic areas were widely distributed, and the overall appearance was characterized by “large dispersion and small concentration”, and the overall concentration was decreasing from west to east. (2) The level of urbanization in the southwest ethnic areas was different, and the overall level was relatively low, and the development speed needed to be further improved. (3) In southwest areas, there was certain relationship between urbanization level and distribution of rural settlements. Southwest ethnic areas were located in step transitional zone of China. Due to topographical factors, the distribution characteristics of rural settlements in this area were varied. In short, there are many ethnic groups in Southwest China, which are widely distributed and have their own characteristics. It is of great significance to grasp this and measure its current urbanization level, which is conducive to better promote its future urbanization development. In addition, rural settlements and urbanization level complement each other, so finding out its intrinsic characteristics and current development status is the theoretical premise for the future rural development in the southwest ethnic areas.