运输成本、交易成本与空间市场整合来自中国猪肉市场的证据

TRANSPORTATION COST, TRANSACTION COST AND SPATIAL MARKET INTEGRATIONEVIDENCE FROM CHINA′S LOCAL PORK MARKET

关键词:  运输成本  交易成本  市场整合  猪肉市场  三机制阈值向量误差修正模型

Key words:  transportation cost  transaction cost  market integration  pork market  three-mechanism threshold vector error correction model

摘要:

目的 考虑交易成本的影响，分析农业市场整合度，以期为促进区域协调发展，防范猪肉价格大起大落提供指导。方法 文章基于全国生猪产业发展规划中重点发展区、约束发展区、潜力增长区和适度发展区的区域划分，采用价格日度高频数据，引入三机制阈值误差修正模型从交易成本的视角对猪肉市场整合进行实证研究，并通过样本识别测度运输成本对交易成本的实际解释力。结果 就市场内部整合来看，潜力增长区的市场整合程度最高，约束发展区的市场整合最低；就跨区域整合来看，重点发展区—潜力发展区之间的市场整合度最高，重点发展区—约束发展区之间的市场整合度最低；进一步通过样本识别，测算出猪肉市场中运输成本对交易成本的真实解释度是33.5%左右，市场整合程度还有进一步提升的巨大空间。结论 提出降低市场交易中的可控“流通”成本、提升市场整合度、促进猪肉价格长期稳定的建议。

Abstract:

Considering the influence of transaction cost, this paper analyzes the degree of agricultural market integration, in order to provide guidance for promoting regional coordinated development and preventing the sharp rise and fall of pork price. Based on the division of key development areas, restricted development areas, potential growth areas and moderate development areas in the national pig industry development plan, this paper introduced the three-mechanism threshold error correction model to study the integration of pork market from the perspective of transaction cost, and measured the actual explanatory power of transportation cost to transaction cost. The results showed that the potential growth area had the highest degree of market integration and the restricted development area had the lowest market integration. In terms of cross-regional integration, the degree of market integration between key development areas and potential growth areas was the highest, while the degree of market integration between key development areas and restricted development areas was the lowest. With further sample recognition, it was estimated that the true explanation of transportation cost to transaction cost in the pork market was about 33.5%, and the degree of market integration still had a huge space for further improvement. Based on this, suggestions are put forward to reduce controllable "circulation" costs in market transactions, enhance market integration, and promote long-term stability of pork prices.