农户参与市场化生态补偿意愿及影响因素分析

RURAL HOUSEHOLDS′ WILLINGNESS TO PARTICIPATE IN MARKET-BASED ECO-COMPENSATION PROGRAMS AND ITS DETERMINANT FACTORS

关键词:  农户  市场化生态补偿  参与意愿  影响因素

Key words:  rural household  market-based ecological compensation  willingness of participate  influencing factors

摘要:

目的 与参与政府主导的生态补偿项目不同，农户参与市场化生态补偿有更大的自主性，因此在“建立市场化、多元化生态补偿”背景下，加强农户参与市场化生态补偿意愿的研究具有重要意义。探究农户参与市场化生态补偿的意愿，并识别出影响因素，寻求提高农户市场化生态补偿参与意愿的发力点。方法 文章基于贵州省仁怀市208户农户问卷调查数据，运用二元Logistic回归从农户个体特征、家庭特征、农业经营特征和农户行为态度四个方面研究农户参与市场化生态补偿意愿及其影响因素。结果 农户参与市场化生态补偿意愿整体较高，81.25%的农户表示愿意参与市场化生态补偿。家庭务农人数越多、家中有村干部、平地数量越多、坡地数量越少、对坡耕地经济收益越不满意、认为水质下降对作物产量影响越严重、越认同参与生态补偿可获得荣誉感的农户，越愿意参与市场化生态补偿。结论 增强农户参与市场化生态补偿意愿要从以下三个方面发力：保障和提高农户参与市场化生态补偿后的经济收益；降低农户对土地的依赖程度；增强农户参与市场化生态补偿的荣誉感和参与感。

Abstract:

Different from the government-dominated ecological compensation scheme, the market-based ecological compensation programs provide rural households greater autonomy in participating or not. In the policy background of encouraging market-based and diversified ecological compensation, it is of great significance to explore rural households' willingness to participate in the market-based ecological compensation. This paper is to study the rural households' willingness to participate in the market-based ecological compensation and identify the determinant factors of the willingness, and look for the strategies to strengthen their willingness to participate. The study is based on a questionnaire survey of 208 rural households in Renhuai City, Guizhou Province. A binary logistic regression model is employed in the empirical analysis. The willingness study explores four aspects of the sample households, i.e. demographics of individual householders, household characteristics, farming characteristics of the households and householder's cognition and attitude. The study indicated that rural households have high willingness to participate in market-based ecological compensation, and 81.25% of the households expressed their willingness to participate. The households are more willing to participate in the market-based ecological compensation program if the household has more farming labors, or has at least one village cadre within their family, or has relatively more flat land, or has relatively less sloping land, or is dissatisfied with the economic revenue of its sloping farmland, or deems that water quality decline has a significant negative impacts on crop yield, or a sense of honor of environment protection could be gained by the household from participation in ecological compensation. The following three strategies will be useful to strengthen rural households' willingness to participate in market-based ecological compensation i.e. ensuring and improving the economic benefits of households from participating in market-based ecological compensation programs; distracting households' dependence on land with diversified livelihoods; and enhancing the sense of honor of those who participate in the ecological compensation programs.