中国乡村振兴5个维度耦合协调空间格局及其影响因素

SPATIAL PATTERN AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF COORDINATION DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL REVITALIZATION′S FIVE DIMENSIONS IN CHINA

关键词:  乡村振兴  耦合协调  空间格局  地理探测器  影响因素

Key words:  rural revitalization  coupling coordination  spatial pattern  GeoDetector  influencing factors

摘要:

目的 定量评估乡村振兴5个维度耦合协调空间格局及其影响因素，对促进乡村振兴战略实施具有重要理论和现实意义。方法 文章基于2018年相关统计数据，运用耦合协调模型对中国各地乡村振兴耦合协调指数进行定量测度，并借助ArcGIS空间分析工具直观展现了各指数的空间分布格局，在此基础上利用地理探测器分析中国乡村振兴协调发展指数空间分异性的主要影响因素。结果 （1） 对于5个维度各自的发展水平、综合发展指数、协调度，其空间分布呈现出东高西低、沿海高内陆低的特点；而对于耦合度，其高值则主要分布在西北内陆地区。（2）基于协调度划分标准，对中国31个省（市、自治区）乡村振兴耦合协调类型进行了划分，其中濒临失调型地区5个、勉强协调型地区19个、初级协调型地区3个、中级协调型地区4个，总体来看，中国乡村振兴协调度指数偏低。（3）基于地理探测器结果表明，中国乡村振兴协调指数的空间分异性是由多个影响因素综合作用的结果，其中人均GDP是影响其空间分异性的核心因素。结论 推进乡村振兴发展既需要顶层制度的设计，也需要区域政策的创新，因地制宜制定乡村振兴战略规划；在推进乡村振兴发展的过程中，要注意空间布局的优化，同时还要关注各维度之间的内在联系，实现好5个维度的长期稳定协调发展；逐步降低不同地区的经济发展水平差异，同时加大政府对农村的投资力度，为实现乡村振兴提供坚实的基础。

Abstract:

Quantitative assessment of the spatial pattern of five-dimensional coupling of rural revitalization and its influencing factors is of great theoretical and practical significance for promoting the implementation of rural revitalization strategies. Based on relevant statistical data in 2018, this study used the coupling coordination model to quantitatively measure the coupling coordination index of rural revitalization in China′s provinces. And with the help of ArcGIS spatial analysis tools, the spatial distribution pattern of each index was visualized. On this basis, the main factors influencing the spatial divergence of the coordinated development index of rural revitalization in China were also analyzed and detected by using GeoDetector. The results were showed as follows. (1) There were obvious spatial differences in the development level, comprehensive development index, coupling degree, and coordination degree of the five dimensions of rural revitalization in China. The spatial pattern of the respective development levels, comprehensive development index, and coordination degree of the five dimensions showed that high values were found in the east and coast, and low values in the west and inland region. As for the coupling degree, the high values mainly distributed in the northwest inland region. (2) Based on the criteria for the classification of coordination degree, the coupling coordination types of rural revitalization in China′s 31 regions were divided, including 5 near uncoordinated regions, 19 barely coordinated regions, 3 primary coordinated regions, 4 intermediate coordinated regions. On the whole, the coordination index of rural revitalization in China was relatively low. (3) Based on the results of GeoDetector, the spatial variance of China′s rural revitalization coordination index was the result of a combination of multiple influencing factors, among which per capita GDP was the core factor affecting its spatial differentiation. Based on the results, this study puts forward the following suggestions. Firstly, the promotion of rural revitalization requires not only the design of top-level systems, but also the innovation of regional policies, and the formulation of strategic plans for rural revitalization should be accord to local conditions. Secondly, in the process of promoting rural revitalization, attention should be paid to the optimization of spatial layout, as well as the internal relations among the dimensions to realize the long-term, stable and coordinated development of the five dimensions. Thirdly, it is necessary to gradually reduce the differences in the level of economic development in different regions, and at the same time, the government should increase investment in rural areas to provide a solid foundation for rural revitalization.