示范村标准下河南省农村人居环境改善建设成效分析

STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IMPROVEMENT AND CONSTRUCTION OF RURAL HUMAN SETTLEMENT ENVIRONMENT IN HENAN PROVINCE UNDER THE STANDARD OF DEMONSTRATION VILLAGES

关键词:  农村人居环境  成效分析  熵权法及障碍度测算  全排列多边形法  河南省

Key words:  human settlement environment  effectiveness analysis  entropy weight method and barrier measurement  full arrangement polygon method  Henan province

摘要:

目的 文章以河南省农村示范村标准为依据，建立指标体系，并参考河南省城市人居水平，评价示范村标准下的河南省人居环境改善成效。方法 运用熵权法和全排列指数法两种方法全面比较并分析，其中后者加入城市人居环境水平作为参照。结果 两种评价方法均证明，示范村标准下，2010—2017年河南省农村人居环境建设综合指数水平整体不高，2016年和2017年改善成效较明显。其中，基本保障建设最好，并逐年提升；环境治理取得一定进展，主要表现在垃圾处理方面，而在污水处理和环境资金持续投入方面均欠缺；经济社会成效，农民生活得到改善，公共服务和医疗数量达标但服务水平落后。此外，乡村人居环境建设在住房条件、供暖供燃气、排水管道比例、污水处理比例、环境治理投入金额等方面改善微小，并远远低于城市水平。结论 示范村标准下河南省农村人居环境建设成效偏低，环境治理和社会经济指标相对城市水平仍非常落后。两种方法的结果在综合水平指数水平方面较一致，单向指标结果各有侧重。其中，熵权法的测算结果更体现各指标的真实水平，全排列结果则更能说明当以城市人居环境为参照时，农村人居环境的相对水平和差距；综合两种方法比较，可以分析数据的优劣性，更全面真实地反映实际情况。

Abstract:

Based on the standard of rural demonstration villages in Henan province, this paper establishes an index system and evaluates the effect of improvement of human settlements environment in Henan province under the standard of rural demonstration villages by referring to the level of cities. The effect of rural human settlements environment construction in Henan province was comprehensively analyzed by using the method of entropy weight and the method of total permutation index. The results were indicated as follows. The two evaluation methods consistently proved that under the standard of demonstration villages, the comprehensive index level of rural human settlements environment construction in Henan province was not high as a whole, and the improvement effect was obvious in 2016 and 2017. The construction effect was the best in terms of capital guarantee and improvement year by year, and some progress had been made in environmental governance, mainly in waste disposal, but there was a lack of sustained investment in wastewater treatment and environmental funds. In terms of economic and social effects, farmers' lives had been improved, the number of public services and medical care had reached the standard, but the service level lagged behind. In addition, the construction of rural human settlement environment had improved slightly in terms of housing conditions, heating and gas supply, the proportion of drainage pipes, the proportion of sewage treatment, and the amount of environmental governance investment, which was far below the urban level. Under the standard of demonstration villages, the effect of rural human settlements environment construction in Henan province is relatively low, and the environmental governance and socio-economic indicators are still very backward compared with the urban level. The application and comparison of the two methods are consistent in the evaluation of comprehensive index level, and the results of one-way index are different, among which the results of the entropy weight method reflect the real level of each index more, while the results of the full arrangement can better illustrate the relative level and gap of rural human settlement environment when the urban human settlement environment is taken as a reference. By comparing the two methods, it can analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the data and reflect the actual situation more comprehensively and truly.