中国马铃薯农户种植意愿及其空间差异

POTATO FARMERS’ WILLINGNESS TO PLANT AND ITS SPATIAL DIFFERENCE IN CHINA

关键词:  马铃薯  种植意愿  支付意愿  受偿意愿  空间差异

Key words:  potato  planting intention  willingness to pay  willingness to be repaid  spatial differences

摘要:

目的 探究不同区域农户马铃薯种植意愿的影响因素及其差别，能够提高农户种植马铃薯的能动性与积极性，为马铃薯主粮化进程提供决策参考。方法 文章基于1 261个农户样本调研，运用条件价值评估法和多元回归模型，从农户个体禀赋、生产经营、社会资源、市场认知、政策需求五个方面对农户支付与受偿意愿进行分析，在此基础上探讨影响马铃薯种植意愿的主要因素，再比较分析典型产区马铃薯种植影响因素。结果 马铃薯农户种植受偿意愿均值为4 069.5元/hm²，支付意愿均值为724.5元/hm²；马铃薯农户种植意愿受各项成本收益、农户受教育程度、家庭收入、社会资源、市场信息认知及政府补贴的影响较大；北方种植因素受规模和利润率的主导，南方更多受到家庭生产经营特征的综合影响。结论 个体决策影响群体决策，群体决策影响整体马铃薯种植空间格局变化。区域内农户采取基于种植约束、成本收益和政策支持的种植方案选择，通过有限区域范围的无限趋同决策，产生不同程度的种植集聚、产业集聚和市场集聚，进而影响马铃薯种植空间格局变化。

Abstract:

In order to improve farmers' initiative and enthusiasm in potato cultivation, and to promote the solution of problems such as too low yield per unit area and difficult breakthrough of cost bottleneck, it is necessary to explore what factors affect farmers' willingness to plant potatoes, whether the influencing factors of potato planting willingness of farmers in different regions are different, and this research can provide reference for the decision-making of the main grain conversion process of potato. Based on the survey of 1 261 peasant households, using contingent valuation method and multiple regression model, this paper analyzed farmers' willingness to pay and to be repaid from five aspects, farmers' individual endowment, production and management, social resources, market cognition and policy demand, on this basis, the main factors affecting potato planting willingness were discussed, and then the influencing factors of potato planting in typical production areas were compared and analyzed. The average value of the farmers' willingness to receive and pay was 4 069.5 yuan/hm² and 724.5 yuan/hm², respectively. Farmers' willingness to plant potato was influenced by cost-benefit, education level, family income, social resources, market information cognition and government subsidy. The northern planting factors were dominated by scale and profit margin, while the southern factors were more influenced by family production and management characteristics. In summary, individual decision-making influences group decision-making, and group decision-making influences the change of overall spatial pattern of potato planting. The farmers in the region adopt the planting plan selection based on the planting restriction, cost-benefit and policy support. Through the infinite convergent decision-making of limited region scope, different degrees of planting agglomeration, industrial agglomeration and market agglomeration affect the spatial pattern of potato planting.