农业产业集聚对农业经济增长的影响研究基于苹果产业的实证分析

RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF AGRI-BUSINESS AGGLOMERATION ON AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIC GROWTHEMPIRICAL ANALYSIS BASED ON APPLE INDUSTRY

关键词:  农业产业集聚  苹果产业  生产要素  产业经济增长  C-D生产函数

Key words:  agglomeration of agricultural industry  apple industry  production factors  economic growth of agriculture  C-D production function

摘要:

目的 苹果是我国第一大水果，苹果产业对主产区的农业经济增长贡献较大。研究苹果产业集聚对苹果产业经济增长的影响以及相关的各生产要素对苹果产业经济增长的贡献，这对苹果产业的健康发展具有指导意义。方法 文章以我国七大主产区的苹果产业为研究对象，以产业集聚理论为支撑，基于2001—2018年该区面板数据，用C-D生产函数构建了主产区的苹果产业经济增长模型，实证分析了主产区的苹果产业集聚对苹果产业经济增长的影响。结果 （1）区位熵对苹果产值的弹性为0.396，表明苹果产业集聚对苹果产业经济增长的影响较大；（2）各种生产要素中资本投入对苹果产值的弹性最大，达到0.827，体现了苹果产业的高投入特点；（3）技术溢出对苹果产值的弹性最小，为0.336，表明技术对苹果生产的作用尚未充分发挥出来。（4）劳动力对苹果产值的弹性为负值，表明随着产业的发展，果农逐渐用资本等要素替代劳动力。结论 苹果产业集聚增加了集聚地各种生产要素的供给，促进了集聚地种植业生产结构的升级和苹果生产技术的传播推广，推动了集聚地苹果产业的经济增长。

Abstract:

Among all the fruits, apple is the one whose production is the largest in China and it has exerted a great impact on the agricultural economic development in its main production areas. The analyses of the impacts of industry agglomeration and the contribution of related production factors to the economic increase are instructively important to the healthy development of the apple industry. Studying the apple industry in China's seven main production areas and referring to the panel data from 2001 to 2018 of these areas, this essay built the economic growth model of the apple industry in its main production areas by using C-D production function and did an empirical analysis of the impact of apple industry agglomeration on the economic increase in this industry, under the guidance of industrial agglomeration theory. The results were showed as follows. (1) The contribution of location entropy to the production value of apple, with a figure of 0.396, showing the agglomeration had a rather huge impact on the economic increase in the apple industry. (2) Among all the factors of production, capital had the largest contribution to the production value of apples, with a figure of 0.827, showing the high investment of this industry. (3) Technology contributed the least to it, with a figure of 0.336, showing that there was a long way for technology to play an important role in this industry. (4) The contribution of labor force to the production of apples had decreased, showing capital was replacing other factors of production like labor gradually, with the development of this industry.In summary, the agglomeration helps the provision of financial and technological support to the region, promotes the advancement in the production structure and the spread of apple's production technology, and also pushes along the economic development of the apple industry.