长江经济带多维减贫效率测算与时空演化分析

RESEARCH ON MULTI-DIMENSIONAL POVERTY REDUCTION EFFICIENCY AND SPATIAL-TEMPORAL EVOLUTION IN THE YANGTZE RIVER ECONOMIC BELT

关键词:  长江经济带  多维贫困减贫效率  三阶段DEA  时空演化

Key words:  Yangtze River Economic Belt  poverty reduction efficiency  three-stage DEA  spatio-temporal evolution

摘要:

目的 测度长江经济带多维减贫效率，揭示减贫效率差异和时空演化趋势，以期为新时期我国精准扶贫工作的扶贫资源调整与瞄准提供决策依据。方法 文章结合多维贫困理论，运用三阶段DEA模型对我国长江经济带11省市的多维减贫效率进行测度，并对多维减贫效率的时空演化过程进行分析。结果 （1）经三阶段DEA调整后，长江经济带平均多维减贫综合效率从0.666转变为0.889，各地减贫效率差距较大，且多维减贫效率与地区经济发展不完全对应；（2）从环境变量影响来看，地区生产总值的增加有利于多维减贫效率的提升，而财政公共投入和固定资产投资的增加则抑制了多维减贫效率的提高；（3）从地理区位来看，长江经济带中游地区的多维减贫综合效率基本保持较高水平，且波动幅度较小，上游地区的多维减贫效率波动幅度最大；（4）长江经济带11省市可以划分为4种减贫效率类型，其中“低纯技术效率—低规模效率型”为扶贫工作重心。结论 为提高新时期长江经济带精准扶贫工作效率，一方面要保证地区生产总值持续稳步增长，注重保护第一产业的发展；另一方面要提高精准扶贫的瞄准度，根据地区的多维减贫效率类型调整精准扶贫工作。

Abstract:

This paper aims to provide implications for resources adjustment and targeting of China's poverty alleviation in the new era, through evaluating the multi-dimensional poverty reduction efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and revealing the poverty reduction efficiency differences and spatio-temporal evolution trends. Based on the multi-dimensional poverty theory, this paper adopted a three-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to analyze the multi-dimensional poverty reduction efficiency of 11 provinces in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, and analyzed the time-space evolution of the multi-dimensional poverty reduction efficiency.The results showed that: (1) After the adjustment of three-stage DEA, the average multi-dimensional poverty reduction efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt changes from 0.666 to 0.889. The multi-dimensional poverty reduction efficiency values varied across provinces, and the multi-dimensional poverty reduction efficiency did not fully relate to the corresponding regional economic development. (2) As for environment variables, the increase in regional GDP was conducive to the improvement of multi-dimensional poverty reduction efficiency, while the increase in fiscal public input and fixed asset investment had inhibited the improvement of multi-dimensional poverty reduction efficiency. (3) While the comprehensive multi-dimensional poverty reduction efficiency in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was maintained at a relatively high level with small fluctuation, the multi-dimensional poverty reduction efficiency in the upper reaches fluctuated the most. (4) The 11 provinces of the Yangtze River Economic Belt could be divided into four types of poverty reduction efficiency, among which “low pure technical efficiency-low scale efficiency” had been identified as the focus of poverty alleviation work. Collectively, in order to improve the efficiency of targeted poverty alleviation in the Yangtze Economic Belt in the new era, the sustainable and steady growth of regional GDP should be ensured, and more attention should be paid to protecting the development of the primary industry. The extent to which the poverty alleviation is targeted should also be increased according to the type of multi-dimensional poverty reduction efficiency in each region.