乡村价值理论与方法研究进展和展望

RESEARCH PROGRESS AND PROSPECT OF RURAL VALUE THEORY AND METHOD

关键词:  乡村价值  乡村功能  乡村振兴  多功能乡村  评价方法

Key words:  rural value  rural function  rural vitalization  multifunctional rural  evaluation method

摘要:

目的 乡村价值理论的发展是落实乡村振兴战略的理论基础，梳理现有乡村价值研究与评估方法，了解已有研究成果，总结我国乡村价值研究与评估方法的现状与不足，以期对后续研究及乡村振兴战略的实施与乡村规划提供帮助。方法 文章采用文献分析法和比较归纳法，从乡村价值的定义与内涵、乡村价值评估方式、乡村价值评价指标的选取与生产、生活、生态、社会价值等具体的核算方式等方面对乡村价值研究进行汇总分析。结果 （1）乡村价值曾经是较为单一的生产与生活价值，而随着研究的进展，乡村价值的类别逐渐多样化，但乡村价值的划分还在持续讨论，乡村价值的定义尚未得到学界公认。（2）乡村价值的与功能之间的关系与乡村各功能之间的相互影响研究尚未深入进行，乡村价值理论研究有待系统性的展开。（3）乡村价值的评估方式尚处于探索阶段，评估方法受外部性影响较强，评估方法研究有待进一步拓展。结论 乡村价值起步较晚，研究内容丰富，但缺乏系统性，暂时未能形成完善的乡村价值理论。乡村价值评估方法略显单一，以主观评价法为主，客观地评估与核算方法研究稍显欠缺。

Abstract:

The development of rural value theory is the theoretical basis for the implementation of Rural Revitalization Strategy, combing the existing rural value research and evaluation methods, understanding the existing research results, and summarizing the current situation and shortcomings of rural value research and evaluation methods in China, so as to provide help for the follow-up research, the implementation of Rural Revitalization Strategy and rural planning. By using the methods of literature analysis and comparative induction, the research on rural value was summarized and analyzed from the aspects of the definition and connotation of rural value, the way of rural value evaluation, the selection of rural value evaluation indicators and the specific accounting methods of production, life, ecology and social value. The results were listed as follows. Rural value used to be a relatively single value of production and life. With the progress of research, the categories of rural value gradually diversified, but the division of rural value was still under discussion, and the definition of rural value had not been recognized by the academic community. At the same time, the research on the relationship between rural value and function and the interaction between rural functions had not been carried out, and the theoretical research on rural value needed to be carried out systematically. However, the evaluation method of rural value was still in the exploratory stage, and the evaluation method was strongly influenced by externality, so the research on evaluation method needed to be further expanded. It concludes that the rural value starts late, and the research content is rich, but it is lack of systematicness, so it cannot form a prefer rural value theory for the time being. The evaluation method of rural value is a little single, mainly subjective evaluation method, and the objective evaluation and accounting method research is a little lacking.