基于产权效应的耕地保护决策行为分析

ANALYSIS OF CULTIVATED LAND PROTECTION DECISION-MAKING BEHAVIOR BASED ON PROPERTY RIGHTS EFFECT

关键词:  土地管理  耕地保护  农地改革  决策模式  产权效应

Key words:  land management  cultivated land protection  farmland reform  decision-making model  property rights effect

摘要:

目的 耕地保护是维护国家社会安全、生态安全和粮食安全的重要基石，探讨中国耕地保护决策的演进历程及产权路径，以期为新时代完善耕地保护制度提供理论支撑。方法 文章基于渐进决策理论，运用文献研究法与系统分析法识别耕地保护决策变迁模式并分析路径依赖特征。结果 农地产权的排他性与激励性逐渐强化，有限性相对减弱，为保护耕地营造了安全稳定的产权环境；中国耕地保护经历了体系形成、逐步完善、趋向成熟的阶段，遵循渐进决策模式，在平稳过渡中不断优化；耕地保护渐进决策深受产权阶段性变迁的影响，主要体现在制度环境、市场管理与农户行为路径。在制度上表现为冲突、迁移、协同的效应演变，在市场上表现为滞后、服务与激励的特征变化，农户行为则反映了群体效应、外部效应、预期效应的变化。结论 随着产权变迁，产权效应耦合变化推动耕地保护决策发展。未来应优化农地产权制度结构、健全农地市场的公共服务管理、合理实现耕地生态产品的价值，以促进耕地保护决策良性发展。

Abstract:

Cultivated land protection is a cornerstone for safeguarding national social, ecological and food security. In order to provide theoretical support for the improvement of farmland protection system in the new era, the evolution process and property rights path of farmland protection decision-making in China are discussed. The research methods were listed as follows. Based on the theory of progressive decision making, literature research method and system analysis method were used to identify the change mode of cultivated land protection decision making and analyze the characteristics of path dependence. The results were showed as follows. (1) The exclusivity and incentive of farmland property rights were gradually strengthened, but the limitation was relatively weakened, which created a safe and stable property rights environment for farmland protection. (2) China's cultivated land protection had gone through system formation, gradual improvement and maturity. It followed a gradual decision-making model and kept optimizing in a smooth transition. (3) The progressive decision of farmland protection was deeply influenced by the periodic change of property rights, which was mainly reflected in the institutional environment, market management and the behavior path of farmers. In the system, it was manifested as the evolution of the effect of conflict, migration and synergy; in the market, it was manifested as the characteristic change of lag, service and incentive; while the peasant household behavior reflected the change of group effect, external effect and expected effect. In conclusion, with the change of property rights, the coupling change of property rights effect promotes the development of cultivated land protection decision-making. In the future, we should optimize the structure of farmland property rights system, improve the public service management of farmland market, and rationally realize the value of cultivated land ecological products, so as to promote the sound development of cultivated land protection decision-making.