基于系统协调的集约化农区县域耕地健康评价——以河北省曲周县为例

HEALTH EVALUATION OF COUNTIES' CULTIVATED LAND IN INTENSIVE AGRICULTURAL REGIONS BASED ON SYSTEM COORDINATION——A CASE STUDY OF QUZHOU COUNTY, HEBEI PROVINCE

关键词:  土地利用  耕地健康  协调性分析  集约化农区  曲周县

Key words:  land use  cultivated land health  coordination analysis  intensive agricultural area  Quzhou county

摘要:

目的 研究适用于集约化农区县域尺度的耕地健康评价方法，为指导县级耕地资源持续利用提供科学依据。方法 基于系统观构建了以耕地本底宜耕性、产品可接受性及环境可承受性为准则层的评价指标体系，文章选取15个评价指标，运用指数和法、最小限制因子法，计算得各子系统对应指数；借助系统协调性分析模型评价县域耕地健康状态，分析各子系统状况、子系统间的协调性程度及综合协调性水平高低，并以河北省曲周县为典型区域进行案例研究。结果 （1）曲周县耕地系统的协调性整体状况较差，其中中部及东部区域系统不协调明显，以曲周镇为代表的地区协调性处于高等综合水平，但面积仅占曲周县耕地总面积的10.1%。（2）全县耕地本底宜耕性较好，受土壤质地等要素限制，较差耕地主要集中在东南区域，仅占全县耕地的12.07%。（3）全县耕地输出产品可接受性从优至差占比依次为37.32%、36.27%和26.40%，其中白寨镇、南里岳乡等乡镇粮食生产处于弱稳定状态。（4）在耕地总体环境风险较小的同时，呈现出北低南高的分布特征，其中伊庄乡环境可承受性差的耕地面积占比可达本区域耕地面积的61.33%。结论 该文构建的基于系统协调的耕地健康评价框架及协调度分析模型可有效识别各子系统间的协调程度，综合反映耕地健康状态及其在县域尺度内的空间分异情况，丰富了耕地健康评价方法研究，可为县域耕地健康评价提供有益参考。同时，可依据评价结果选择县域耕地健康提升路径，针对性采取退耕、休耕等措施，落实国家耕地休养生息规划。

Abstract:

This article aims to study cultivated health evaluation methods applicable to intensive agricultural areas at the county level, and provide a scientific basis for guiding the sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources at the county level. Based on the system view, an evaluation index system was constructed with the background cultivability, product acceptability and environmental endurance as the criterion level, and 15 evaluation indexes were selected. And the index sum method and the minimum restriction factor method were used to calculate each sub-evaluation index. Next, the system coordination analysis model was adopted to evaluate the health status of the cultivated land in the county to analyze the status of each subsystem, the degree of coordination between the subsystems, and the level of comprehensive coordination. Then this article took Quzhou county, Hebei province as a typical area to make empirical analysis. The research results were showed as follows. (1) The overall situation of the coordination of the cultivated land system in Quzhou county was relatively poor. Among them, the central and eastern regions were obviously incompatible. The regional coordination represented by Quzhou town was at a high comprehensive level, but the area only accounted for the total cultivated area of Quzhou county’s 10.1% of the total. (2) The county's cultivated land had good background and suitable for arable. Due to the limitation of soil texture and other factors, the poor cultivated land was mainly concentrated in the southeast region, accounting for only 12.07% of the county's cultivated land. (3) The output acceptability of cultivated land in the county accounted for 37.32%, 36.27% and 26.40% in order from excellent to poor. Among them, the grain production in Baizhai town, Nanliyue town and other towns were in the weak and stable state. (4) While the overall environmental risk of cultivated land was relatively small, it presented the characteristics of low in the north and high in the south. Among them, the area of cultivated land with poor environmental tolerance in Yizhuang accounted for 61.33% of the area of cultivated land. In conclusion, the cultivated land health evaluation framework and coordination degree analysis model constructed in this paper can effectively identify the degree of coordination among various subsystems, comprehensively reflect the health status of cultivated land and its spatial differentiation at the county scale, and it also can enrich cultivated land health evaluation methods. The research can provide useful reference for the health evaluation of cultivated land in the county. At the same time, according to the evaluation results, it is possible to choose the path of improving the health of cultivated land in the county, and take targeted measures such as returning cultivated land and setting aside cultivated land to implement the national plan for the recuperation of cultivated land.