新型农业经营主体财政政策需求优先序及影响因素分析——以河南省为例

ANALYSIS ON DEMAND PRIORITY AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF FISCAL POLICY FOR NEW AGRICULTURAL BUSINESS ENTITY——A CASE OF HENAN PROVINCE

关键词:  新型农业经营主体  财政政策  需求优先序  影响因素  河南省

Key words:  new agricultural business entity  fiscal policy  demand priority  influencing factor  Henan province

摘要:

目的 探索新型农业经营主体对各类财政政策需求顺序及影响因素，为优化新型农业经营主体发展和农业适度规模经营财政政策提供依据。方法 文章基于河南省延津等5县调查问卷，运用加权统计频数累计求和和聚类分析确定新型农业经营主体财政政策需求优先序，运用二元Logistic选择模型分析政策影响因素。结果 （1）河南省新型农业经营主体财政政策需求依次是：农业信贷担保政策、财政专项资金政策、农业生产保险政策、农机购置补贴政策等。（2）达到5%显著水平的变量有，农业信贷担保政策需求分析中的程序是否方便变量，财政专项资金政策需求分析中生产经营规模、是否主要从事加工或者收储业、近3年来是否享受过该项政策、对该项政策的满意程度4个变量，农业生产保险政策需求分析中是否主要从事畜牧业、是否主要从事加工或者收储业（负向影响）2个变量，农机购置补贴政策需求分析中是否主要从事粮食种植业、政策知晓程度、对该项政策的满意程度3个变量。结论 完善农业信贷担保政策、财政专项资金政策、农业政策性生产保险政策、农机购置补贴政策等政策设计，因地因业因人制宜打好政策组合拳，提升财政资金整体政策效应。

Abstract:

The paper is intends to explore new agricultural business entities' priority order of demand for various fiscal policies and analyze their influencing factors, so as to provide evidences for optimizing fiscal policies for new agricultural business entities and the development of agriculture at appropriate scale. Based on the survey data from five counties including Yanjin county in Henan province, weighted statistical frequency cumulative sum method and cluster analysis were applied to analyze fiscal policies demand priority of new agricultural business entities, and logistic model were applied to analyze its influencing factors. The results showed that the priorities of demand for policies were as follows: agricultural credit guarantee, special financial fund, agricultural production insurance, agricultural machinery purchase subsidy, etc. The dummy variable of procedure convenience was significant at 5% in the demand analysis for agricultural credit guarantee policy. In the demand analysis of special financial funds, the variables were significant at 5% level including production scale, the dummy variable of the entities mainly engaging in processing or storage industries, the dummy variables of the entities benefiting the policy in the past three years, policy satisfaction degree. In the demand analysis for agricultural production insurance, the dummy variables of the entities engaged livestock sector was positive, while the dummy variable of engaging in processing or storage industry was negative significant at 5% level. In the demand analysis for agricultural machinery purchase subsidy, variables that were significant at 5% level including the dummy variable of entities engaging in planting, policy awareness degree, policy satisfaction degree. Therefore, government should focus on improving policy design for agricultural credit guarantee, special financial fund, agricultural production insurance, and agricultural machinery purchase subsidy, and combine these policy tools according to the characters of regions, entities and industry, so as to enhance the overall policy effect of financial funds.