“资源—要素—政策”相协调下乡村典型发展模式与可持续发展路径探析

EXPLORATION OF TYPICAL RURAL DEVELOPMENT MODEL AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PATH UNDER THE COORDINATION OF "RESOURCES-ELEMENTS-POLICIES"

关键词:  乡村振兴  “资源—要素—政策”  发展模式  发展路径  可持续发展

Key words:  rural revitalization  resources-elements-policies  development models  development paths  sustainable development

摘要:

目的 资源、要素与政策是推动乡村发展的必备因素，深刻影响着乡村振兴的进程。梳理资源、要素与政策间的互动关系，理清“资源—要素—政策”互动对乡村发展模式的作用机理，进而提炼4种典型乡村发展模式，并给出不同发展模式的可持续发展路径，以切实促进乡村振兴的提质增效。方法 文章从资源、要素、政策相协调维度出发，结合国内不同地区的典型成功案例，构建“资源—要素—政策”相协调下乡村发展的理论模型，进而提炼乡村典型发展模式。结果 （1）资源是乡村发展的基础，要素是乡村发展的动力，政策是乡村发展的催化剂。在政府配套政策的催化下，不同类型的乡村资源在发展要素的带动下会产生不同类型的发展模式。（2）基于“资源—要素—政策”对乡村发展的作用机理，将乡村发展模式划分为：专业化农业发展型、田园综合体发展型、人文生态资源依托型、小城镇辐射带动型4种典型发展模式。结论 未来，专业化农业发展模式建议持续推进现代农业品牌化、数字化发展；田园综合体发展模式，未来建议坚持生态持续化、生活现代化、产业升级化发展；人文生态资源依托型模式，在以后的发展中建议更注重乡村生态化、旅游休闲化、区域联动化和品牌化；小城镇辐射带动型模式，未来建议深入乡村特色城镇化发展。

Abstract:

Resources, elements and policies are indispensable factors to promote rural development and also have a profound impact on the process of rural revitalization. From the coordination dimension of resources, elements and policies, this paper aims to sort out the interaction mechanisms among rural resources, elements and policies, and clarify the mechanism of "resources-elements-policies" interaction on the model of rural development, then four typical rural development models are extracted, and the sustainable development paths of different development models are given, so as to effectively promote the quality and efficiency of rural revitalization. Starting from the coordination dimension of resources, elements and policies, combined with typical successful cases of different regions in China, this paper built a theoretical model of rural development under the coordination of "resources, elements and policies", and then refined the typical rural development model. The results showed that resources were the foundation for rural development, elements served as the drivers of rural development, and policies played a role as the catalyst in rural development. Under the catalysis of government incentive policies, different types of rural resources would produce different types of development modes driven by development elements. And based on the interaction mechanism of "resources-elements-policies" on rural development, the rural development model was categorized into four models: specialized agricultural development model, rural complex development model, humanistic ecological resource-based model, and the radiation-driven model of small towns. Therefore, in the future, the specialized agricultural development model is recommended to promote the branding and digital development of modern agriculture; the rural complex development model is recommended to adhere to the development of ecological sustainability, life modernization, and industrial upgrading; humanistic ecological resource-based model is recommended to pay more attention to rural ecologicalization, tourism and leisure, regional linkage and branding, and the radiation-driven model of small towns is recommended to deepen the development of urbanization with rural characteristics.