农用地膜污染合作治理模式及其绩效损失研究

RESEARCH ON THE COOPERATIVE GOVERNANCE MODEL AND PERFORMANCE LOSS OF AGRICULTURAL PLASTIC FILM RECOVERY

关键词:  农用地膜污染  产品生命周期  生产者责任  绩效损失  合作治理

Key words:  agricultural film pollution  product life cycle  producer responsibility  performance loss  cooperative governance

摘要:

目的 农用地膜污染防治是推动农业农村污染合作治理、实现农村人居环境持续改善的重要内容，因此系统研究不同主体在农用地膜回收利用工作中行为模式的差异及影响因素，可为全国农用地膜污染治理提供可借鉴的方法和经验。方法 文章基于农用地膜生命周期污染防治的逻辑链条分析，系统研究了废旧地膜回收过程中的价值生成和绩效损失途径，提出地膜污染防治典型合作模式与治理路径。结果 废旧地膜回收机制建立初期，政府通过产业政策导向培育环保意识和市场，通过补贴实现企业的规模扩大和持续发展，但会降低企业核心竞争力，造成政府在生产环节的绩效损失。结论 在典型农用地膜污染治理模式中，政府主导型、混合型模式适合废旧地膜回收机制建立初期，有利于从宏观层面调动市场资源，建立起“生产—回收”的市场内循环机制；在市场内循环机制建立成熟后，一般由政府主导型转为混合型，并在混合型后期逐步过渡为生产者主导型，使得废旧地膜回收利用成为一个非政府主导行为。

Abstract:

The prevention and control of agricultural plastic film pollution is an important link for the transformation of the rural residential environment and to promote cooperative governance of agricultural and rural pollution. Therefore, a systematic study on the differences and influencing factors of behavior patterns of different stakeholders in the recycling of agricultural plastic film can provide experience and reference methods for pollution control of agricultural plastic film in China. This paper systematically studied the methods of value generation and performance loss in the waste plastic film recycling process by using an analysis of the logical chain of pollution prevention and control in the life cycle of agricultural plastic film, and presented the typical cooperation mode and treatment path of plastic film pollution prevention and control. The results were listed as follows. In the early stage of the establishment of the waste agricultural film recycling mechanism, the government cultivated environmental protection awareness and market through industrial policy guidance. Scale expansion and sustainable development of enterprises was realized through subsidies, however, this reduced the core competitiveness of enterprises and caused performance loss of the government in the production link. In summary, among the typical agricultural plastic film pollution prevention and control modes, the government led mode and mixed mode are suitable for the initial stage of the establishment of the waste agricultural film recycling mechanism, and this is conducive to mobilizing market resources from the macro level and establishing a "production recycling" market internal circulation mechanism. Once the circulation mechanism in the market is established, the mode changes from the government led type to the mixed type, followed by the producer led type, so as to make the recycling of waste agricultural film a non-governmental behavior.