生态系统服务价值评估与实现机制研究综述

REVIEW OF THE VALUE EVALUATION AND REALIZATION MECHANISM OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES

关键词:  生态系统  生态系统服务  价值评估  价值实现  研究综述

Key words:  ecosystem  ecosystem services  value evaluation  value realization  review

摘要:

目的 通过系统梳理国内外生态系统服务价值的相关研究，总结与概括生态系统服务价值的评估方法与实现机制，以期反映最新研究进展并提出研究展望，促进生态系统服务的理论完善与实践应用。方法 文章采用文献梳理及归纳总结方法，从生态系统服务的概念与内容、价值评估、价值实现机制三方面进行综述与讨论。结果 当前学界对生态系统服务的概念与内容已基本达成共识，其价值评估的对象广泛、区域尺度多元，评估方法总体可分为价值量与物质量（或称货币与非货币）评估法；价值实现机制的探索旨在解决生态系统服务利用的外部性问题，从经济学、管理学等不同学科视角，基于交易市场类型、资金来源、补偿方式等属性提出多元实现模式。结论 深化生态系统服务概念与内容研究、精准评估服务价值并促进评估结果的衔接使用、加大价值实现机制的案例研究，是该领域研究未来的发展方向。

Abstract:

In order to reflect the latest research progress and promote the further improvement and practical application of ecosystem service theory, this paper systematically combed the relevant research on ecosystem service value, and summarized its evaluation methods and realization mechanism. And the inductive method was employed in literature review to summarize and discuss the concept and content, value evaluation and value realization mechanism of ecosystem services. It was found that the academic community had reached a consensus on the concept and content of ecosystem services. And the objects of ecosystem service value evaluation were wide, the regional scale was abundant. The evaluation methods were diverse, including physical quality method and economic value method, also known as monetary method and non-monetary method. The exploration of the realization mechanism of ecosystem service value aimed to solve its externality problems, and form different realization mode classifications from economics or management science based on different dominant factors, such as market type, capital source and compensation mode. Therefore, deepening the concept and content of ecosystem services research, accurately evaluating the value of services and promoting the cohesive use of evaluation results, and increasing the exploration of value realization mechanism are the future directions in this field.