基于感知价值理论的农户生态补偿适应性研究——以北方农牧交错带盐池县为例

ADAPTABILITY OF FARMERS’ ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION BASED ON PERCEIVED VALUE THEORY——A CASE STUDY OF YANCHI COUNTY IN THE FARMING-PASTORAL TRANSITIONAL ZONE IN NORTHERN CHINA

关键词:  生态补偿  适应性  感知价值理论  北方农牧交错带  盐池县

Key words:  ecological compensation  adaptability  Perceived Value Theory  farming-pastoral ecotone in northern China  Yanchi county

摘要:

目的 生态补偿作为推进生态文明建设的重要手段，直接影响农户生计及生计策略。厘清农户生态补偿适应性的循环累积因果关系及影响路径，对完善生态补偿机制具有重要意义。方法 文章以北方农牧交错带盐池县为研究区，根据318户农户调查数据，基于感知价值理论、构建农户生态补偿适应性模型，运用结构方程模型进行验证分析。结果 （1）农户生态补偿感知利益对其感知价值和适应性具有正向影响，感知风险对其感知价值和适应性具有负向影响，感知价值对其适应性产生正向影响；（2）感知利益维度中，社会利益对感知利益作用力大于经济利益。感知风险维度中，农户发展风险对其感知风险作用力大于自然风险，感知价值对其适应性作用力大于感知风险和感知利益；（3）北方农牧交错带农户生态补偿适应性形成“低感知利益—高感知风险—负向感知价值—低适应性”的循环积累因果模式。结论 亟需发挥农户感知利益和感知价值的正向作用，联结农户“自主性”和“诱导性”行动路径，自下而上响应生态补偿改进政策，提升农户生态补偿适应性，保障生态补偿实施成效，促进区域协调发展。

Abstract:

Ecological compensation, as an important tool to promote ecological civilization, directly affects farmers' livelihoods and livelihood strategies. Clarifying the cyclic cumulative causality and influence paths of farmers' ecological compensation adaptability is important to improve the ecological compensation mechanism. On the basis of the survey data of 318 households in Yanchi county, the northern agro-pastoral mosaic zone was selected in this research as the study area, and a model of farmers' ecological compensation adaptability was constructed based on perceived value theory and the structural equation model was used to validate the analysis. Results were showed as follows. (1) The perceived benefits of farmers' ecological compensation had a positive influence on their perceived value and adaptability, the perceived risks had a negative influence on their perceived value and adaptability, and the perceived value had a positive influence on adaptability. (2) In the dimension of perceived benefits, social benefits had a greater effect on perceived benefits than economic benefits. In the perceived risk dimension, the perceived risk of farmers' development had a greater effect on their perceived risk than natural risk, and the perceived value had a greater effect on their adaptability than the perceived risk and benefit. (3) Moreover, the ecological compensation adaptability of farmers in the northern agro-pastoralist zone underwent a cycle of “low perceived benefit-high perceived risk-negative perceived value-low adaptability.” In the future, the positive effects of farmers' perceived benefits and perceived values must be brought into play, farmers' “autonomous” and “induced” action paths must be linked, ecological compensation improvement policies should be responded to from the bottom up, and farmers' ecological compensation adaptation must be enhanced to guarantee the effectiveness of ecological compensation implementation and promote coordinated regional development.