农村居民生活垃圾治理费支付意愿与支付水平分析

ANALYSISI OF RURAL RESIDENTS' WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR DOMESTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT AND THE LEVEL OF PAYMENT

关键词:  农村居民  生活垃圾治理费  支付意愿  支付水平  Heckman两阶段模型

Key words:  rural residents  domestic waste management fee  willingness to pay  payment level  Heckman two-stage model

摘要:

目的 农村居民付费是弥补生活垃圾治理资金缺口的有效途径，系统研究农村居民生活垃圾治理费支付意愿与支付水平及影响因素，有益于推动建立农村居民生活垃圾治理付费制度。方法 文章基于覆盖江苏全部地级市的2 420个农户调查数据，采用Heckman两阶段模型进行实证分析。结果 （1）农村居民以不分类处理生活垃圾为主，有约2/3的农村居民愿意为治理生活垃圾支付费用，并愿意每户每月支付49.31元或每人每月支付19.84元。（2）健康状况、常住人口、年底净资金、奖惩措施均会显著影响农村居民生活垃圾治理费支付意愿。（3）年龄对农村居民生活垃圾治理费支付水平有显著的负向影响，年底净资金、生活垃圾处理方式、村组织在人居环境整治方面的作用、对相关法律法规的信任度、奖惩措施、个人环保行为认定、生活垃圾对社区环境影响以及地区变量对农村居民生活垃圾治理费支付水平有显著的正向影响。结论 应合理测定支付标准、完善农村生活垃圾投入机制、制定实施相关政策法规，以引导农村居民支付生活垃圾治理费。

Abstract:

Rural residents pay is an effective way to bridge the funding gap for domestic waste management. A systematic study on the willingness to pay and the level of payment and the influencing factors of domestic waste management fees among rural residents is useful to promote the establishment of a payment system for domestic waste management among rural residents. Based on the survey data of 2 420 rural households covering all prefecture-level cities in Jiangsu, and the Heckman two-stage model was used to make an empirical analysis. The results were listed as follows. (1) Rural residents mainly disposed of domestic waste without sorting, and about two-thirds of rural residents were willing to pay for the treatment of domestic waste and were willing to pay 49.31 yuan per household per month or 19.84 yuan per person per month. (2) Health status, resident population, net funds at the end of the year, incentives and penalties significantly affected rural residents' willingness to pay for domestic waste treatment. (3) Age had a significant negative effect on the level of rural residents' domestic waste treatment fee payment, and net funds at the end of the year, domestic waste treatment methods, the role of village organizations in habitat improvement, trust in relevant laws and regulations, incentives and punishments, personal environmental behavior determination, the impact of domestic waste on the community environment, and regional variables had a significant positive effect on the level of rural residents' domestic waste treatment fee payment. Therefore, payment standards should be reasonably determined, rural domestic waste input mechanisms should be improved, and relevant policies and regulations should be formulated and implemented, so as to guide rural residents to pay domestic waste treatment fees.