乡村治理视域下的乡村规划：基于“项目制”的分析

RURAL PLANNING FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF RURAL GOVERNANCE: AN ANALYSIS BASED ON THE "PROJECT SYSTEM"

关键词:  项目制  乡村规划  乡村治理  乡村振兴  乡村建设

Key words:  project system  rural planning  rural governance  rural vitalization  rural construction

摘要:

目的 乡村规划是落实乡村振兴战略的关键路径，是实施乡村治理的主要技术手段。作为公共品供给主要投入形式的“项目制”，已成为乡村治理与乡村规划的联系纽带。然而既有乡村规划在统筹策划大量乡村项目落地实施中，忽视了“项目制”的运行规律，出现了治理主体间结构不兼容、需求响应滞后、乡村建设运行内外脱节等问题，导致规划实施乏力。因此需要基于“项目制”特点，研究构建与乡村治理有效协同的乡村规划体系与方法。方法 文章从“项目制”为切入点，分析乡村规划与乡村治理体系、治理方式、治理逻辑三个方面的关系，研究乡村规划与乡村治理的相互关联。结果 分析得出乡村规划优化路径，即优化融入项目治理的规划层级结构、应对治理需求的综合规划过程、匹配外部投入的规划运行逻辑。结论 以“项目制”为纽带，从乡村治理视域出发，应着力完善与治理结构兼容协调的乡村规划体系、形成与治理方式综合联动的乡村规划机制、制定与治理逻辑相互匹配的乡村建设规则，激发乡村治理的活力，充分发挥乡村规划在乡村建设中的统领作用。

Abstract:

Rural planning is the key path to implementing a rural revitalization strategy and the main technical means of implementing rural governance. As the primary input form of public goods supply, the "project system" has become the link between rural governance and rural planning. However, in the implementation of a large number of rural projects, existing rural planning ignore the operation law of the “project system,” thus resulting in problems, such as structural incompatibility between governance bodies at all levels, lagging demand response, and disconnection between rural construction and operation, leading to weak implementation of planning. Therefore, based on the characteristics of the "project system,” it is necessary to study the construction of rural planning systems and methods that effectively coordinate with rural governance. Starting from the "project system,” this study analyzed the relationship between rural planning and rural governance systems, governance modes, and governance logic, and studied the correlation between rural planning and rural governance. Through the analysis, the optimization path of rural planning was obtained, which was to optimize the planning hierarchical structure of project governance, the comprehensive planning process of coping with governance needs, and the planning operation logic of matching external inputs. Therefore, using the "project system" as the link, starting from the perspective of rural governance, it should perfect the rural planning system compatible with the governance structure, form the rural planning mechanism integrated with the governance mode, and formulate village construction rules integrated with the internal and external governance logic, so as to stimulate the vitality of rural social governance and allow full play of the leading role of rural planning in rural construction.