异质性农技培训主体对农户绿色农业技术采纳行为的影响研究

STUDY ON THE INFLUENCE OF HETEROGENEOUS AGRICULTURAL TRAINING SUBJECTS ON FARMERS' GREEN AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION BEHAVIOR

关键词:  农技培训  培训主体  公益性  市场性  绿色农业技术采纳

Key words:  agricultural technology training  training subject  public welfare  market  adoption of green agricultural technology

摘要:

目的 推广绿色农业技术是缓解生态环境恶化、保障农业高质量发展的重要途径。方法 文章利用河北省436户设施蔬菜种植户的调研数据，选择5项绿色农业技术（抗病虫抗逆性强的新品种、生物防治、生物菌肥、生物农药和水肥一体化技术），基于培训主体异质性视角，运用有序 Probit 模型实证分析公益性和市场性两种不同性质农技培训主体对农户绿色农业技术采纳强度的影响。进一步，基于技术异质性视角，运用二元 Probit 模型分析两种不同性质主体对农户不同类型绿色农业技术采纳的影响。结果 （1）农技培训能够显著促进绿色农业技术采纳，其中公益性主体开展的技术培训对农户绿色技术采纳的促进效果更加显著。（2）针对不同绿色农业技术，不同性质主体开展的培训对技术采纳的促进效果存在差异，对商业化程度较高、有用性、易用性、适用性较高的技术（生物防治、生物菌肥和生物农药），市场性主体的培训对技术采纳的促进作用更强。（3）对于有用性、易用性和适用性不高的技术（抗病虫抗逆性强的新品种和水肥一体化），公益性主体的培训对技术采纳的促进作用更强。结论 应加大农业绿色技术培训的普及力度，构建以公益性农技推广机构为主导，其他市场主体为补充的多元化农技培训体系，提高农业技术培训的针对性，建立农业技术培训的跟踪服务机制，促进绿色农业技术采纳。

Abstract:

The promotion of green agricultural technology is an important way to alleviate the deterioration of the ecological environment and guarantee the high-quality development of agriculture. Agricultural technology training is an effective way to promote the adoption of green production technologies by farmers. In this paper, Hebei Province was used as a pilot project, and research data from 436 facility vegetable farmers were utilized. five green agricultural technologies (new varieties with strong resistance to diseases and insects, biological control, biological fertilizer, biological pesticide, and water-fertilizer integration) were selected, Based on the perspective of heterogeneity of training subjects, The impact of two different types of agricultural training agents, public interest and market-based, on farmers' green agricultural technology adoption intensity was empirically analyzed using an ordered probit model. Further, based on the viewpoint of technology heterogeneity, a binary probit model was used to analyze the influence of two different types of agricultural technology training agents, public welfare and market, on the adoption of different types of green agricultural technologies by farmers. The research found that green agricultural technology adoption is significantly promoted by agricultural technology training, of which the promotion effect of technical training carried out by public welfare subjects is more significant. There are differences in the effectiveness of training conducted by different green agricultural technologies by subjects of different natures. The degree of adoption of technologies with higher commercialization, usefulness, ease of use, and high applicability (biological control technology, biological bacterial fertilizer technology, biological pesticides technology) are more strongly promoted by the training of market-oriented subjects. The degree of adoption of green agricultural technologies with low usefulness, ease of use, and applicability (new varieties with high resistance to diseases and insects, water and fertilizer integration technology) is promoted by the training of public welfare subjects more strongly. Therefore, The popularization of agricultural green technology training should be increased, the diversified agricultural technology training system led by public welfare agricultural extension institutions and supplemented by other market entities should be constructed, the relevance of agricultural technology training should be improved, the tracking service mechanism of agricultural technology training should be established, and the adoption of green agricultural technology should be promoted.