封闭性突破：农村宅基地资格权“外延”研究——基于Y县B镇试点考察

BREAKTHROUGH OF CLOSURE: A STUDY ON “EXTENSION” OF QUALIFICATION RIGHT OF HOMESTEAD IN THE RURAL AREA——BASED ON THE PILOT INVESTIGATION OF B TOWN IN Y COUNTY

关键词:  资格权  封闭性  外延  非本集体成员  宅基地

Key words:  qualification right  closure  extension  non-member of the collective  homestead

摘要:

目的 妥善解决各类返乡下乡人才居住问题，探索一条非本集体成员宅基地建房可行路径是破除人才回流瓶颈助力乡村振兴的关键。方法 文章以Y县B镇为研究对象，综合运用实地调研法、案例分析法与访谈法，构建宅基地资格权“外延”理论框架，解析非本集体成员宅基地建房的具体路径与形成机理。结果 通过慎稳框定“外延”主体、村民民主决策与权能约束实现资格权向非本集体成员“外延”，地方政府政绩诉求、农村发展缺要素、乡村治理有效实践、非本集体成员报本反始、村民要求保障宅基地资格权的现实要求共同驱动“外延”模式的产生。结论 宅基地资格权“外延”推动人才、技术、资本等要素有序回流农村，村民参与宅基地资格权“外延”全过程并就各项事宜达成共识，促进了村民自治与公民精神培育，基于此，提出淡化“唯户籍论”，适度放宽宅基地资格权认定标准的对策建议。

Abstract:

In order to properly resolve the housing problems of all types of returnee talents, exploring a feasible way to build houses on the homestead of non-members of the collective is the key to break the bottleneck of talent return and promote rural revitalization. Taking B Town in Y County as the research object and comprehensively utilizing a field survey method, a case analysis method and an interview method, this research constructed a theoretical framework of "extension" of homestead qualification right, and analyzed the specific path and formation mechanism of construction in the homestead by non-members of the collective. The results were showed as follows. Through accurately determining the "extension" subject, villagers'democratic decision-making and constraint qualification right extended to non-members of the collective. In addition, the demands of local government performance demands, rural development, rural governance and effective factors of practice, contributions made by non-member of the collective, as well as the realistic requirements of villagers ensuring their homestead qualification drove the generation of "extensive" mode. In summary, the "extension" of homestead qualification promotes orderly backflow of rural talent, technology, capital and other elements. Villagers participate in the whole process of the extension of homestead qualification and agree on all the issues, which promotes the villagers' autonomy and foresters citizen spirits, and based on this, it puts forward moderate countermeasures and suggestions to weaken the concept of "homestead registration" and properly broaden the qualification of the homestead right standards.