基于聚落—坡耕地—果园空间耦合的三峡库区腹地人—地—业多样性分析

AN ANALYSIS OF THE DIVERSITY OF HUMAN-LAND-INDUSTRY IN THE HINTERLAND OF THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA BASED ON THE SPATIAL COUPLING OF SETTLEMENT-SLOPING FARMLAND-ORCHARD

关键词:  农业景观  空间耦合地理机制  空间耦合类型  空间发展模式  人—地—业多样性

Key words:  agricultural landscape  the spatial coupling geographical mechanism  the spatial coupling type  the spatial development pattern  human-land-industry diversity

摘要:

目的 探讨中国山区乡村农业景观空间耦合关系有利于解析乡村系统中人—地—业发展变化及状态，对于深刻认识山区农业体制的变化及其土地资源管理和规划具有重要意义。方法 文章选择三峡库区腹地奉节县为研究区，通过建立聚落—坡耕地—果园空间耦合地理机制，以“空间数量比例—空间布局结构—空间功能结构”范式，从全局和局部景观视角剖析山区聚落—坡耕地—果园空间发展模式，以揭示研究区人—地—业多样性。结果 （1）研究区的聚落—坡耕地—果园空间耦合有6种类型：低低低—较分散型、高低高—较分散型、高低高—较集中型、高高低—较分散型、高高低—较集中型和高高高—较集中型，各类型的空间分布差异显著。（2）研究区聚落—坡耕地—果园空间发展模式有聚落与坡耕地分散增长型、聚落与果园分散增长型、聚落与坡耕地集中发展型、聚落与果园集中发展型和聚落、坡耕地、果园集中发展型；这些模式其分别对应着研究区的人与地较协调发展、人与业较协调发展、人与地协调发展、人与业协调发展和人、地、业协调发展关系。（3）聚落—坡耕地—果园各空间耦合类型在自然因素中受高程、地形起伏度综合影响最大，在经济社会因素中受距县城中心距离、经济密度综合影响最大。结论 该文探讨了聚落—坡耕地—果园耦合协同发展促进乡村可持续发展的内在逻辑，可为乡村振兴提供启示。

Abstract:

Exploring the spatial coupling relationship of a rural agricultural landscape in mountainous areas of China is conducive to analyzing the change and state of human-land-industry development in rural systems and is essential for a deep understanding of the change of agricultural systems in mountainous areas and their land resource management and planning. Selecting Fengjie county in the hinterland of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area as the study area, this research analyzed the spatial development patterns of mountain settlement-sloping farmland-orchard from global and local landscape perspectives by establishing an spatial coupling geographical mechanism of settlement-sloping farmland-orchard with the paradigm of "spatial quantity ratio-spatial layout structure-spatial functional structure", so as to reveal the human-land-industry diversity in the study area. The results were showed as follows. (1) There were six types of settlement-sloping farmland-orchard spatial coupling in the study area: low-low-low-more dispersed, high-low-high-more dispersed, high-low-high- more concentrated, high-high-low-more dispersed, high-high-low-more concentrated and high-high-high-more concentrated, with significant differences in the spatial distribution of each type. (2) The spatially coupled development patterns of settlement-sloping farmland-orchard in the study area included decentralized growth of settlements and sloping farmland, decentralized growth of settlements and orchards, concentrated development of settlements and sloping farmland, concentrated development of settlements and orchards, and concentrated development of settlements, sloping farmland and orchards. These patterns correspond to the more coordinated development of human and land, the more coordinated development of human and industry, the coordinated development of human and land, the coordinated development of human and industry, and the coordinated development of human, land and industry in the study area respectively. (3) The spatial coupling type of settlement-sloping farmland-orchard was most influenced by the combination of elevation and terrain relief among natural factors and the variety of distance from county center and economic density among economic and social aspects. In summary, this paper explores the inner logic of the coupled settlements-sloping farmland-orchard synergistic development for sustainable rural development, which can provide insights for rural revitalization.