山西省乡村旅游资源空间结构分析与优化

ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF RURAL TOURISM RESOURCES IN SHANXI PROVINCE

关键词:  乡村旅游资源  空间结构  类型  区域分异  山西省

Key words:  rural tourism resources  spatial structure  type  regional differentiation  Shanxi province

摘要:

目的 梳理山西省乡村旅游资源类型，精准定位和挖掘特色资源，因地制宜地发展和推动山西省乡村旅游业的高质量发展。方法 文章对山西省乡村旅游资源进行整理和分类，建立乡村旅游地的矢量数据，借助ARCGIS软件和空间分析模型分析其空间分布特征和区域分异性，并借助地理联系率探析其与经济、景点、历史名村等多因子的关联程度。结果 （1）山西省乡村旅游地分布具有明显的集聚特点，形成了明显的“一核两带”的集聚态势。一核即以阳泉市为中心的核心集聚区，两带即沿太原—晋中—吕梁的晋中集聚带，以及沿长治—晋城—临汾的晋东南集聚带。结合山西省乡村旅游地特点将其分为自然景观类、风俗文化类、特色农业类3类，数量分别为72个，69个和133个。（2）区域层面上，临汾市市自然景观类居多，晋城市以民俗文化类为主，太原市以特色农业类最多，晋中市、阳泉市2市种类分布较均匀，表现为多元化发展趋势。3类乡村旅游地均呈现一定的集聚分布态势和区域分异性，其中，自然景观类区域分布相对较均匀，且呈现多点的高核密度集聚态势；民俗文化类乡村旅游地主要分布于晋中和晋西南地区；特色农业类主要分布于经济、交通、人口等条件均较优越的中部地区。结论 山西省乡村旅游地具有明显的集聚特征和区域异化的特点。晋中地区可发展以太原市为核心的环城特色农业类乡村旅游集聚地，以及以晋中市为中心的晋中风俗文化乡村旅游集聚地；晋东南地区未来可继续加强对风俗文化的深度挖掘，发展以晋城市和长治市为中心的晋东南风俗文化和农家庄园并举的乡村旅游集聚地；晋北地区可着力培育以休闲度假、避暑疗养为主题的乡村旅游地。

Abstract:

This research aims to clarify the types of rural tourism resources in Shanxi province, accurately locate and tap characteristic resources, and develop and promote the high-quality development of rural tourism in Shanxi province according to local conditions. The rural tourism resources in Shanxi province were sorted and classified, the vector data of rural tourism sites were established, their spatial distribution characteristics and regional differentiation were analyzed by using the ArcGIS software and spatial analysis model, and the correlation degree with economy, scenic spots, historical villages and other factors was analyzed with the aid of geographical connection rate. The results were indicated as follows. （1）The distribution of rural tourism destinations in Shanxi province had obvious characteristics of agglomeration, forming an obvious agglomeration trend of "one core and two belts". One core was the core gathering area centered on Yangquan city, two belts were the Jinzhong gathering belt along Taiyuan Jinzhong Luliang, and the southeast gathering belt along Changzhi Jincheng Linfen. According to the characteristics of rural tourist destinations in Shanxi province, they were divided into three categories: natural landscape, custom and culture, and characteristic agriculture, with the number of 72, 69, and 133, respectively. （2）At the regional level, Linfen city had a large number of natural landscapes, Jincheng city was dominated by folk culture, and Taiyuan City had a large number of characteristic agriculture. Jinzhong city and Yangquan city had a relatively uniform distribution of types, which showed a trend of diversified development. The three types of rural tourism destinations all presented a certain concentration and distribution trend and regional differentiation, among which, the natural landscape type was relatively evenly distributed, and presented a multi-point high nuclear density concentration trend; Folk culture rural tourism destinations were mainly distributed in central and southwest Shanxi; Featured agriculture was mainly distributed in the central region with superior economic, transportation, population and other conditions. In summary, rural tourism destinations in Shanxi province have obvious characteristics of agglomeration and regional alienation. Jinzhong area can develop a cluster of agricultural rural tourism with the characteristics of surrounding the city centered on Taiyuan city, and a cluster of custom and culture rural tourism with Jinzhong city as the center. In the future, the southeast area of Shanxi province can continue to strengthen the in-depth excavation of customs and culture, and develop a rural tourism cluster with both customs and culture and farm manors in the southeast of Shanxi province centering on Jincheng city and Changzhi city; The northern part of Shanxi can focus on cultivating rural tourism destinations with the theme of leisure vacation and summer resort.