基层政府长江流域禁捕政策执行优化分析——以四川省富顺县为例

THE OPTIMIZATION ANALYSIS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FISHING BAN POLICY IN THE YANGTZE RIVER BASIN OF GRASSROOTS GOVERNMENT——TAKING FUSHUN COUNTY OF SICHUAN PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE

关键词:  长江禁捕政策  政策执行  水生生物资源  史密斯模型

Key words:  the Yangtze River fishing ban policy  policy implementation  aquatic biological resources  Smith model

摘要:

目的 长江水域生物资源的保护需要有效政策制定和执行，在当代中国的情景下，基层政府执行对于水域生物资源保护政策有效贯彻落实具有重要的作用。方法 文章运用实地调研和案例分析方法，以四川省富顺县为例，基于史密斯的政策模型的分析视角，从政策框架、执行机构、目标群体和政策环境四个方面来分析长江沿岸县级政府长江流域水生生物禁捕政策执行情况。结果 对四川省富顺县长江禁捕退捕政策执行存在的理想化政策梗阻、政策执行机构缺陷、目标群体政策认同感迷失、政策环境消极等四重困境进行了深度分析。结论 在全面实施长江禁捕政策过程中，如何破解政策执行面临的困境，需要从政策框架的改进、执行机构的执行能力提升、目标群体的认可度以及政策执行环境因素的影响等方面提升长江沿岸县级政府政策执行力，以推进新时代长江大保护政策的有效执行。

Abstract:

Protection of biological resources in Yangtze River waters requires effective policy formulation and implementation. In China, Grassroots government policy implementation plays an important role in the effective implementation of water biological resources protection policy. Taking Fushun County, Sichuan Province as an example, and based on the analysis perspective of Smith's policy model from four aspects: policy framework, implementation agency, target group and policy environment, this paper used field research and case analysis methods to analyze the implementation of the Yangtze River fishing ban policy of county-level governments along the Yangtze River. The paper made an in-depth analysis of the four dilemmas existing in the implementation of fishing ban policy in Fushun county Sichuan province along the Yangtze River, including idealized policy obstruction, policy implementation agency defects, policy identity loss of target groups and negative policy environment. Therefore, in the process of fully implementing fishing ban policy in the Yangtze River, How to solve the dilemma of policy implementation needs to improve the policy implementation capacity of county governments along the Yangtze River from the aspects of policy framework improvement, implementation capacity of implementing agencies, recognition of target groups and environmental factors of policy implementation, so as to promote the effective implementation of the Yangtze River protection policy in the new era.