我国耕地“非粮化”整治成效、困难、问题及对策建议

THE EFFECTS, DIFFICULTIES, PROBLEMS AND SUGGESTIONS OF "NON-GRAIN" OF CROPLANDS IN CHINA

关键词:  耕地“非粮化”  耕地“非粮化”整治  耕地保护

Key words:  "non-grain" in croplands  the improvements of "non-grain" in croplands  the protection of croplands

摘要:

目的 文章基于当前耕地“非粮化”整治工作情况，分析整治成效、面临困难与存在问题，提出耕地“非粮化”整治优化方略，推动耕地“非粮化”整治工作稳妥有序进行。方法 文章主要采取文献分析和政策文件解读方法。结果 （1）国家出台了一系列防止耕地“非粮化”政策，各地启动耕地“非粮化”整治行动，有效抑制耕地“非粮化”，扭转耕地面积大幅减少的局面。（2）耕地“非粮化”整治也面临一些困难，出现急于求成，一刀切等问题，经济损失大，矛盾激化；部分地区缺乏系统性，效果不理想；给农民增收与农业增效带来负面影响；一些地方耕地种植管控行为与国家相关政策法规存在一定的冲突。（3）为推动耕地“非粮化”整治工作稳妥有序进行，建议采取将“耕地非粮化整治”明确为“基本农田非粮化整治”、优化基本农田划分方案，实现“基本农田”名符其实，充分考虑农民群众的切实利益，稳妥有序整改，切忌简单粗暴一砍了之等6项应对措施。结论 我国耕地“非粮化”整治成效显著，但面临的困难与存在的问题也很突出，应进一步优化耕地“非粮化”整治策略。

Abstract:

This study is intended to analyze the effect, difficulties and problems of the improvements of "non-grain" in croplands, so as to put forward the optimization strategy and promote the steady and orderly the improvements of "non-grain" in croplands. The study mainly adopted literature analysis and interpretation of policy documents. In order to deal with the potential crisis of food security caused by excessive "non-grain" in croplands, the state had issued a series of policies to prevent the "non-grain" in croplands, and launched actions in all localities, which effectively suppressed the "non-grain" in croplands and reversed the situation of a substantial decrease in the area of croplands. At the same time, the improvements of "non-grain" in croplands was also faced with some difficulties, such as eager to achieve success, one-size-fits-all, large economic losses, intensified contradictions, lack of systematization in some areas, unsatisfactory effects, negative impacts on farmers' income and agricultural efficiency, and certain conflicts between some local croplands cultivation control behaviors and relevant national policies and regulations. In order to promote the steady and orderly the improvements of "non-grain" in croplands, it is recommended to take six measures to clarify the improvements of "non-grain" in croplands as "basic improvement of farmland", optimize the division of croplands, realize the name of "basic farmland", take full account of the practical interests of farmers, make steady and orderly the improvement works, and avoid simple and rough cutting down. In summary, China's croplands " non-grain production " remediation is effective, but the difficulties and problems are also very prominent, so it should further optimize the croplands "non-grain production" remediation strategy.