乡村振兴视域下京津冀农业绿色发展水平综合评价分析

COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS OF AGRICULTURAL GREEN DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF BEIJING, TIANJIN AND HEBEI UNDER THE PERSPECTIVE OF RURAL REVITALIZATION

关键词:  乡村振兴战略  农业绿色发展  资源利用  环境友好  京津冀

Key words:  rural revitalization strategy  green development of agriculture  resources utilization  environmentally friendly  Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

摘要:

目的 京津冀农业绿色发展水平综合评价，以期为该区域农业绿色高质量发展提供借鉴。方法 文章基于乡村振兴战略背景构建京津冀农业绿色发展水平评价指标体系，选择熵权法确定权重，并运用综合评价法对2010—2020年京津冀及其各区域的农业绿色发展水平和发展趋势进行评价。结果 （1）2010—2020年京津冀农业绿色发展水平不断得到提升，其中贡献率最大的是环境友好，其次是农村发展和生态保护，资源利用贡献率最小。（2）区域发展相同点：2020年京津冀3地农业绿色发展水平差异不大，表现为协同发展趋势，并且3地区均表现为环境友好贡献率最大，资源利用变化趋势均呈现先降低后增加的趋势；区域发展不同点：3地农业绿色发展变化趋势、变化幅度和变化的时间点不同，河北表现为更大的变化幅度，尤其是生态保护表现为先降低后增高的趋势。结论 京津冀农业绿色发展总体呈现良好的发展趋势，尤其表现在化肥、农药减施和地膜回收等方面，京津冀农业绿色发展取得了阶段性的提升。但是也存在明显的短板，如农业水资源和节水灌溉面积不足，水土流失治理水平、能源利用效率等方面仍需进一步加强。从区域差异看，北京资源利用水平较低，天津和河北生态保护水平较低。京津冀协同发展中资源利用仍然是主要短板，其次是生态保护和农村发展，创新农业科技，提高土地生产率，提高资源能源利用率仍然任重道远。

Abstract:

This research aims to comprehensive evaluate of the green development level of agriculture in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei, in order to provide references for the green and high-quality development of agriculture in this region. Based on the background of rural revitalization strategy, an evaluation index system of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was constructed, the entropy right method was selected to determine the weight, and the comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the agricultural green development level and development trend of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and its regions from 2010 to 2020. The results were showed as follows. From 2010 to 2020, the level of green development of agriculture in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region had been continuously improved, among which the largest contribution rate was environmental friendliness, followed by rural development and ecological protection, with the smallest contribution rate of resource utilization. The similarities in regional development were Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei in 2020, with the largest environmental friendly contribution rate, and the increase in resource utilization trends. And differences in the regional development were the agricultural green development trend, change range and change time points, especially the ecological protection. In summary, the green development of agriculture in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei generally shows a good development trend, especially in the reduction of chemical fertilizer, pesticide application and agricultural film recycling. And the green development of agriculture in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei has achieved a phased improvement. However, there are also obvious shortcomings, such as insufficient agricultural water resources and water-saving irrigation area, soil erosion control level, energy utilization efficiency and other aspects still need to be further strengthened. In terms of regional differences, Beijing's resource utilization level is relatively low, while the ecological protection level of Tianjin and Hebei is relatively low. In the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, resource utilization remains a major weakness, followed by ecological protection and rural development. Therefore, innovating agricultural science and technology, improving land productivity, and improving the utilization rate of resources and energy still should be strengthened in the future.