云南省国家森林乡村空间分布格局及其成因

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION PATTERN AND ITS CAUSES OF NATIONAL FORESTS AND VILLAGES IN YUNNAN PROVINCE

关键词:  国家森林乡村  美丽乡村  乡村振兴  空间格局  云南省

Key words:  national forest countryside  beautiful countryside  rural revitalization  spatial pattern  Yunnan province

摘要:

目的 系统研究云南省国家森林乡村空间分布格局及其成因，对丰富和深化乡村地理学及推动乡村振兴具有重要意义。方法 文章综合运用最邻近指数、核密度、空间自相关和量化统计等方法，构建“天蓝、地绿、水清、人和”相统一的“美丽森林乡村”评价指标体系，对云南省国家森林乡村空间分布格局及其成因进行分析。结果 （1）整体上，云南省国家森林乡村呈现“中部局部集聚，四周小分散”的棋盘式空间分布格局，表现为凝聚态势，显著性较强。（2）区域上，国家森林乡村在六大流域和八大区域上呈现典型的不均衡性状态，西侧澜沧江流域与北侧长江流域分布最较多但密度小，滇西、滇西南数量多于滇西北、滇东北和滇东南。（3）空间密度上，大致形成东西、东北—西南走向的两个高密度带绵延区和四个高密度集聚中心。（4）空间相关上，空间正相关显著，由西侧热点区向东侧冷点区过渡，呈现东西相反的对称格局。（5）影响因素上，“山—水—坝”相间的国家森林乡村空间分布格局是社会、经济、文化和自然等因素共同作用的结果，随着生态价值地位的提升，地形地貌、河湖水系和气候等自然因素基础性地位更加牢固。结论 国家森林乡村空间分布反映了当地自然与人文地理环境特征，是区域文化在地表的凝结与表达。

Abstract:

Systematically studying the spatial distribution pattern of national forests and rural areas in Yunnan province and its causes is of great significance for enriching and deepening rural geography and promoting rural revitalization. Comprehensively using the nearest neighbor index, nuclear density, spatial autocorrelation and quantitative statistics, a unified evaluation index system of "beautiful forest villages" with "sky blue, ground green, clear water, people" was constructed, and the spatial distribution pattern of national forest villages in Yunnan province and its causes were analyzed. The results were indicated as follows. (1) On the whole, the national forest villages in Yunnan province presented a chessboard-like spatial distribution pattern of "locally agglomerated in the middle and small scattered around", showing a cohesive trend with strong significance. (2) Regionally, the national forest villages were typically unbalanced in the six major river basins and eight major areas. The Lancang River basin on the west side and the Yangtze River basin on the north side had the most distribution but low density, and the number of western Yunnan and southwestern Yunnan was more than that of northwestern Yunnan and Yunnan. Northeast and Southwest Yunnan. (3) In terms of spatial density, two stretches of high-density belts and four high-density agglomeration centers were formed in the east-west and northeast-southwest direction. (4) In terms of spatial correlation, the positive spatial correlation was significant, and the transition from the hot spot on the west side to the cold spot area on the east side presented an east-west symmetrical pattern. (5)In terms of influencing factors, the "mountain-water-dam" spatial distribution pattern of national forests and villages was the result of the combined action of economic, social, ecological and natural factors. The basic status of natural factors and other factors was more solid. Therefore, the spatial distribution of national forests and villages reflects the characteristics of the local natural and human geographical environment, and is the condensation and expression of regional culture on the surface.