贵州省耕地非农化的空间格局特征与迁移路径

SPATIAL PATTERNS AND SHIFT PATHS OF NON-AGRICULTURAL CULTIVATED LAND IN GUIZHOU PROVINCE

关键词:  耕地非农化  空间格局  迁移路径  空间自相关  贵州省

Key words:  non-agriculturalization of cultivated land  spatial pattern  shift path  spatial autocorrelation  Guizhou province

摘要:

目的 针对厘清喀斯特耕地非农化时空演变过程的科学问题，以贵州省为例，定量揭示喀斯特耕地非农化的空间格局变化及其平均重心时空偏移趋势和迁移路径，为喀斯特区域耕地资源持续发展利用提供数据和方法支撑。方法 文章基于1980—2020年的贵州省土地利用长时序空间数据，利用ArcGIS空间分析技术，定量获取近40年来耕地非农化的空间分布数据信息，综合引入耕地非农化速度模型、重心模型、耕地非农化标准差异椭圆方法、空间自相关模型，定量揭示贵州省近40年来耕地非农化的空间格局分布特征、时空迁移路径与集聚特征。结果 （1）1980—2020年贵州省的耕地非农化虽然非均衡化发展态势，但其非均衡程度呈降低趋势，耕地非农化严重区主要分布在黔中和黔西北地区。（2）自1980年来，黔中地区及市州所辖区的耕地非农化速度总体快于其他地区，尤其是云岩区非农化速度最快，耕地非农化重心空间迁移路径呈“V”型形态，表现为先向东南方向后持续向西北方向偏移的趋势。（3）贵州省耕地非农化空间集聚性总体上呈增强趋势，其中高—高聚集区和低—低聚集区分别集中在西北部和东南部，并且高—高和低—低聚类的变化主导了耕地非农化空间自相关关系的格局演变。结论 揭示1980—2020年贵州省耕地非农化的空间格局的时空变化趋势、偏移方向与迁移路径，可为喀斯特区域耕地资源保护与持续利用提供科学依据和辅助决策。

Abstract:

Due to explicating the key issue of the spatiotemporal change of no-agricultural cultivated land in the karst area, this research aims to analyze the spatiotemporal change of no-agricultural cultivated lands and their mean center shift trends in Guizhou province, so as to provide the available data and method for keeping the sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources. Based on the long-term spatial data of land use in Guizhou province from 1980 to 2020, the spatial distribution data of non-agricultural cultivated land from 1980 to 2020 were obtained by operating the ArcGIS spatial analysis method. And the methods of speed model, center model, and standard differential ellipse model were introduced to analyze the spatial patterns, shift trends and agglomeration characteristics of no-agricultural cultivated land change in Guizhou province during the period from 1980 to 2020. The results were listed as follows. The nonequilibrium degree of the utilization in no-agricultural cultivated land showed a decreasing trend, although that was a nonequilibrium phenomenon from 1980 to 2020. Since 1980, the change rate of non-agricultural cultivated land in the central part, urban and suburban areas of Guizhou province was generally faster than that in the other regions. The fastest change rate of non-agricultural cultivated land occurred in Yunyan district, where the center shift trends of no-agricultural cultivated land generally showing a “V” pattern, and the center shift direction of non-agricultural cultivated land firstly moved to southeast and then shifted to northwest continuously between 1980 and 2020. The agglomeration characteristics of non-agricultural cultivated land generally showed an increasing trend, and the high-high and low-low agglomeration areas mainly distributed in the northwest and southeast of Guizhou province, respectively. Moreover, the types of high-high clusters and low-low clusters of the change in nonagricultural cultivated land dominated the change pattern of the spatial autocorrelation relationship in the non-agriculturalization process of cultivated land. In summary, the research results could explicate the spatiotemporal change trend, shift direction and path of no-agricultural cultivated land in Guizhou province during the period from 1980 to 2020, and provide the effectively supports for keeping the sustainable utilization of no-agricultural cultivated land in the karst area.