乡村振兴背景下农民工迁移决策机理研究

RESEARCH ON THE MECHANISM OF MIGRANT WORKERS' TRANSFER DECISION UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF RURAL REVITALIZATION

关键词:  乡村振兴  农民工  迁移决策  计划行为理论  结构方程模型

Key words:  rural revitalization  migrant workers  transfer decision  theory of planned behavior  structural equation model

摘要:

目的 乡村振兴离不开农民参与，农民工作为农民群体的一部分，分析其迁移决策的形成机制并给予合理的行为引导是乡村振兴战略实施的现实需要。方法 文章以计划行为理论为基础建立农民工迁移决策分析框架，结合实地调研数据，运用结构方程模型的方法，剖析农民工迁移决策的形成过程与各节点关键影响因素。结果 （1）反映社会压力的主观规范与反映农民工自身喜好程度的行为态度之间存在相互影响关系，反映农民工迁移阻碍的知觉行为控制与主观规范、行为态度之间影响较弱，农民工迁移意愿主要受行为态度与知觉行为控制影响。（2）来自农村社会的意见是农民工迁移决策过程中社会压力的主要来源，经济与福利因素是影响农民工行为态度的主要因素，而工作信息传导不畅、城镇生活保障缺失等则是农民工迁移的主要障碍。结论 未来应以产业布局为抓手，充分发挥各级政府与村委会的影响作用，对农民工迁移行为进行合理引导。

Abstract:

Rural revitalization can not be separated from the participation of farmers. As a part of the peasant group, it is necessary to analyze the formation mechanism of migrant workers' transfer decision and give reasonable behavior guidance for the implementation of Rural Revitalization Strategy. Based on the theory of planned behavior, an analysis framework of migrant workers' transfer decision was established. Combined with the field survey data, a structural equation model was used to analyze the formation process of migrant workers' transfer decision and the key influencing factors of each node. The results were showed as follows. There was an interactive relationship between the subject norm reflecting social pressure and the behavioral attitude reflecting the degree of migrant workers' own preference. The perceived behavior control reflecting the migration obstacles of migrant workers had a weak impact on the subject norm and behavioral attitude. The transfer intention of migrant workers was mainly affected by the behavioral attitude and perceived behavior control; Opinions from rural society were the main source of social pressure in the transfer decision-making process of migrant workers. Economic and welfare factors were the main factors affecting the behavioral attitude of migrant workers, while poor work information transmission and lack of urban life security were the main obstacles to migrant workers' transfer. In the future, we should focus on the industrial layout, give full play to the influence of governments at all levels and village committees, and reasonably guide the transfer behavior of migrant workers.